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General Marshall made it clear that this European Recovery Programmer was laid out to help both East and West Europe. However, Stalin did not believe this, and realized that American intentions were exactly opposite to what they were presented as. He thought that America was trying to grab every nation possible out of Soviet’s sphere of influence. Stalin himself denied Marshall aid for the Soviet Logion and was now seeking to make sure that the Soviets maintained a strong influence with in the Eastern Bloc.
The secret war ; Roosevelt Secret War: FDA and World War II Espionage by Joseph Persist ; Roosevelt built espionage into the structure of American government ; Discusses Roosevelt involvement in intelligence and espionage operations FDA wanted to bomb Tokyo before Pearl Harbor -A defector (someone who abandons one’s country or cause in favor of an opposing one) from Hitter’s inner circle reported directly to the Oval Office Roosevelt knew before any other world leader of Hitter’s plan to invade Russia -Roosevelt and Churchill concealed a disaster costing hundreds of
British soldiers’ lives in order to protect Ultra, the British code breaking secret -An unwitting Japanese diplomat provided the President with a direct pipeline into Hitter’s councils ; In addition also discusses to what extent Roosevelt was aware of the fate of Rupee’s Jews prior to the Holocaust & whether Roosevelt knew in advance of the pearl Harbor attack ; Roosevelt manipulated, compartmentalized, disassembled, and misled ; He once said “l never let my right hand know what my left hand does” ; Roosevelt created America’s first
Central Intelligence Agency (the CIA previously called the ZOOS, Office of Strategic Services) ; Some say there were spies in Roosevelt White House too OR ; In 1950 September 30th, President Truman signed the top-secret policy plan named NCSC-68 (National Security Council Report 68) ; A 58-page formerly- classified report issued by the United States National Security Council on April 14, 1950 ; Shifted foreign policy from passive to active containment.
It differed from Seaman’s original notion of containment outlined in the “x” article, with much harsher anti-Communist rhetoric. ; The policy plan stated that the Communists planned for world domination. ; Shaped U. S. Foreign policy in the Cold War for the next 20 years and has subsequently been labeled its “blueprint. ” ; To confront what it called an enemy “unlike previous aspirants to hegemony… Animated by a new fanatic faith, antithetical to our own. ” Dollar Imperialism Immediate economic help to Europe Strict criteria to qualify for American aid Must allow for USA to investigate domestic financial records in applicant amount USSR ‘aid’ not directed for or against any country or doctrine “initiative must come from Europe” Results Of the Dollar Imperialism 17 billion Less than half of Trauma’s initial proposal to Congress 1 . % of US national GAP over the whole period program Historiography: “recovery of Europe was under way well before advent of the Marshall Plan” – Alan Millard “a dagger pointed at Moscow” – Heavenly Vary (Stalin’s economic advisor) The Soviet Response- Conform/ Common Stalin launched two campaigns: the Conform and the Common. Conform was the Communist Information Bureau set up in September 1947. It was used as an instrument to increase Stalin’ control over the Communist parties of other countries.
Communist parties from: France, Yugoslavia, Italy, Poland, Bulgaria, Hungary and Romania comprised of the Conform. The West considered this organization as a threat to the democratic nations in the West. Confirm followed the political ideological line the Soviet Union wanted to adopt in the Socialist countries. Where as, Coming ensured economic assistance in order to prevent these Mounties from being torn from the sphere of influence.