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The total score of each industry – 6 7 9 Argentina is a country that located in South America and is considered an merging market by the FTSE Global Equity Index, and is one of the G-20 major economies. Argentina is one of the fastest growing economies in the world and she is a founding member of the WTO and actively participates in the multilateral trading system. Therefore, we believe investing in Argentina is one of the good choices among the emerging market. The service sector is the largest contributor to total GDP, accounting for over 60%.
Based on the above analysis, the best target investment would be Tourism. However, if the capital is enough, the investor can also consider investing the second choice Motor Vehicles” and the third choice “oilseeds” Xpat work + live in host country When a company sends an expatriate manager to work on board, the company needs to consider who they should send, how the manager can be trained, compensated and help them to reorient when they return to home country. I will take Morgan Stanley as an example; they would relocate the expatriate managers from USA to Hong Kong to fulfill their business needs.
When the expatriate managers relocate from USA to Hong Kong, they and their family will face a lot of problems like language, difference of culture, ifficulties with the new environment, personal/ family emotional issue, and the expatriate may hard to cope with larger overseas responsibility. Hence, Morgan Stanley developed an expatriate program to help the expatriate managers and their family to adapt the live in Hong Kong. 1 . First of all, they provided an expatriate compensation which consists of base salary, bonus, and a system of allowances like living allowance, Housing allowances, relocation allowance and Home leave.
Besides, before the expatriates move to Hong Kong, Morgan Stanley would arrange a trip to Hong Kong for them to house hunting and settle in advance. 2. In order to support their family, they provide education assistance for their children; Morgan Stanley will pay the fees appropriate for the schooling of expatriates’ children while on assignment. If the expatriate determines that children need to be educated in the home country, the Firm will pay for all reasonable costs of tuition, room and board for all kindergarten, primary and secondary schooling. Language Lessons will be also provided.
If the expatriate or family members need to learn the language used in the assignment location, either before or after relocation, Morgan Stanley will reimburse the costs of language lessons ithin local guidelines. Practical training will also be provided to help the expatriate and their family to adapt the new environment. As the expats and their family may have home sick, they will provide the fight ticket for them to travel back to home country on every 12 months. If the expatriate’s families stay in home country, Morgan Stanley will offer their family to go to host country to visit them twice a year. 3.
Corporate mentoring program Morgan Stanley provide a corporate mentoring program in order to reduce the failure rates of expatriates, provide the expatriates with the support they eed before, during, and after expatriate assignments, and may reinforce the critical skills that were taught during cross-culture training. Mentoring refers to the relationship between an individual with advanced experience and knowledge who supports, guides, and provides feedback to a less experienced colleague in order to facilitate his/her career development 4. Morgan Stanley also provides a repatriate program to help expatriate to return to home county.
This includes visit home and specific training before return to home country to help ease transition difficulties. They also provide upport for the expatriate and family on re-entry, this includes aid in finding housing, providing time off for adjustments, adjusting compensation packages and education allowance for their families. They will provide re- entry position and career assistance for the expatriate. Also, a specific training to help the expatriate and their families to deal with reverse culture shock, stress and communication-related problem.
Morgan Stanley offers the package with above allowance and benefit to help the expatriates and their family to overcome and adapt the new living and working environment. 5. Promote Poverty agree that international trade does increase the poverty in developing country. International trade is the exchange of goods and services between countries. Trading globally gives consumers and countries the opportunity to be exposed to goods and services not available in their own countries. However, international trade does not mean fair trade, countries will put their private sectors to compete with other countries’ private sectors in equal terms.
For developing countries, it means their private sectors – whom are relatively weaker – will compete against much stronger companies. Without the government intervention, the private sectors, commonly farmers or small companies will fail to protect their production. Romania was the forth country that aimed to produce all its good domestically. However, they discovered that some imported goods might be cheaper than homegrown Romania products. will take the case of Panasonic as example, Panasonic is one of first international business to arrive in Romania, and then completely wiped Romania electronic industry from the local market.
It is because the Panasonic electronic is cheaper than their local produce. Panasonic had plants in Mexico, Puerto Rico, Costa Rica, Peru, Tanzania, Malaysia and Philippines, which the labor cost Of these countries, are relatively low, so they are able to produce electronic In a cheaper way. In a result, between 1990 and 2012, Romania has lost 3. 85 million employees in the industrial sector and factories are still shutting down and people are still losing their jobs. Poverty headcount ration in 201 1 is 22. 6% Fair trade Fair trade is an alternative approach to conventional trade and is based on a partnership between producers and consumers.
When farmers can sell on Fair trade terms, it provides them with a better deal and improved terms of trade. This allows them the opportunity to improve their lives and plan for their future. Fair trade offers consumers a powerful way to reduce poverty through their every day shopping. Fair trade can enhance business performance and will take Godiva as an example. Godiva claimed that they are Fair trade company, which means they are buying the cocoa on fair trade terms. Fair trade terms included a minimum price (not lower than market price) and fair trade premium.
Fair trade premium is an additional sum of money paid on top of the Fair trade minimum price that farmers and workers invest in social, environmental and economic developmental projects to mprove their businesses and their communities. It can help the farmers provide better quality cocoa and also the cocoa price will be more stable. As a fair trade company, It helps Godiva to build a good public image. Consumers are willing to pay extra if they perceive them to be more ethically produced. It helps Godiva to stand out from the competitor because fair trade products are more attractive to consumers.
They can benefit from increased sales and profitability. Also, Godiva using the fair trade cocoa, which is supporting the future supply. Without supporting the producers in the long terms, cocoas prices will be fluctuate. Good working relationship help Godiva in a more secure situation to move to the future. 3. Hofstede’s There are total of five dimensions of business culture which are individualism versus collectivism, power distance, uncertainty avoidance, masculinity versus femininity, short-term versus long term orientation and we will discuss its usefulness and implications one by one below.
First one is individualism versus collectivism, the concept of individualism vs. collectivism deals with how individuals fundamentally live their lives socially; whether they on a deep level think more as individuals or collectively as embers of groups when compared to other individuals or groups. I will take Chinese company little sheep group as an example. This index can be used to measure whether the institution IS individualism or collectivism. China is a collectivistic society. China culture provides a traditional example of what often is considered as being linked to high collectivism.
The people working in a China company like little sheep group are tied as a community based. It is a clear implication for the management that they should consider to reward the staffs as a group but not for individuals. The second one is power distance. High power distance means the people accept a hierarchical order in which everybody has a place, which needs no further justification. Low power distance means people strive to equalize the distribution of power and demand justification for inequalities of power.
This index is used to measure whether the institution is high power distance or low power distance. Take China company little sheep group as example, the people working in little sheep group believe that inequalities among people are acceptable. The implication is little sheep group should focus the power at the top management and only grant a little autonomy to lower level. The third one is uncertainty avoidance. The dimension uncertainty avoidance has to do with the way that a society deals with the fact that the future can never be known, should they try to control or just let it happen?
The ambiguity¶BE brings with it anxiety “and different cultures have learnt to deal with this anxiety in different ways. The extent to which the members of a culture fell threatened by ambiguous or unknown situations and have created beliefs and institutions that try to avoid these is reflected in the Uncertainty avoidance score. Take Hong Kong as an example. The uncertainty avoidance score of Hong Kong is 29, which consider as very low score. Adherence to laws and rules may be flexible to suit the actual situation and pragmatism is a fact of life.
Hong Kong people are adaptable and entrepreneurial and they are comfortable with ambiguity. This implicate that Hong Kong company like Esprit is fast moving, flexible and using short-term strategy. For the institution that is with high score, they use long-term strategy and appear slow as the management ask for all the detailed fact before taking decision. The forth one is masculinity versus femininity. High score (Masculine) indicate that the ociety is driven by competition, achievement and success.
Low score (femininity) indicate that the dominant values in society are caring for others and quality of life. This can be used to measure what motivates the people, wanting to be the best (masculine) or liking what you do (feminine). Obviously China is a masculine society. People are success oriented and driven. Take little sheep group as example, people are willing to sacrifice family and leisure time to work. They will provide service until very late at night. Leisure time IS less important to them. This implicate the company hould use strong finance incentive and opportunities for personal gain.
For the institution that is feminine, they should offer strong welfare. The fifth one is short-term versus long-term orientation. Long-term orientation exists when you are focused on the future. You are willing to delay short-term material or social success or even shot-term emotional gratification in order to prepare for the future. Short-term orientation exists when you are focused on the present or past and consider them more important than the future. If you have a short-term orientation, you care more about immediate gratification han long-term fulfillment.
Taking China as an example, China is a long-term orientation country, as they tend to take long view to planning and living. Not like Western people. China people tend to save money when they are young, buying flat so they have a place to live when they are old. Take China company little sheep group as an example, they should concentrate on their staff a retirement funds more than short-term incentive will have more motivation for them. Also, long-term orientation is more suitable for slow moving industry while short-term orientation is more suitable for new industry.