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Romanticism and Realism Romanticism: [pic] Francisco De Goya. “The Third of May 1808” Oil on Canvas – Imagination and emotion are more valuable than reason. The romantics championed the struggle for human liberty. They celebrated nature, rural life, common people, exotic subjects in art and literature. – Era: Industrial and French Revolutions – Technique: Dramatic scenes of nature or man and ideal landscapes. – Artists: Goya, Delacroix, Constable, Duncauson Realism: [pic] Gustave Courbet. “The Stone Breakers” Oil on Canvas Art should deal with human experience through observation, without exocticism, nostalgia or idealism. It offered the painter and the viewer humanity and insight into everyday world. ??? Era: Industrial and French Rev ??? Technique: Almost photographic and always portraying the dignity of ordinary people. ??? Artists: Courbet, Bonheur, Eakins, Tanner, Daumier Impressionism and Expressionism Impressionism: [pic] Claud Monet. “Impression: Sunrise” Oil on Canvas ??? Concern themselves with visual issues. They paint what the eye sees rather than what the mind knows.
The effects of light on a subject is emphasized. ??? Era: Development of camera ??? Tech: Small dabs of color that appears as separate strokes of paint when seen close up. Yet with distance, one sees uniform subjects. ??? Artists: Money, Renoir, Cassatt, Morisst Expressionism: [pic] Ernst Ludwig Kirchner. “Street, Berlin” Oil on Canvas ??? General term for art that emphasizes inner feelings and emotions over subject depiction such as: sorrow, passion, spiritual and mysticism. ??? Era: 1910-34 World War I ??? Tech: Emphasis on color intensity as a means to express a mood. Artists: Kirchner, Kandinsky, Nolde, Kollowitz Surrealism and Cubism Surrealism: [pic]Joan Miro. “Woman Haunted by the Passage of the Dragonfly, Bird of Bad Omen” Oil on Canvas ??? The belief that the unconscious mind is a higher reality than the conscious mind. The painters/ artists goal was to make visible the imagery of the unconscious. ??? Era: 1920-40 (Sigmund Freud, manuscript was published) ??? Tech: dreamlike imagery affected by color was most important to the work. ??? Artists: Dale, Miro, Magritte, Kahlo Cubism: [pic] Pablo Picasso. Les Demoiselles D’avignon” Oil on Canvas ??? Reconstruction of objects based on geometric shapes ??? Era: a mechanized world. Industry simplified forms ??? Tech: simplified surfaces and shapes; Fractured angular figures or landscapes ??? Artists: Picasso and Braque Abstract Expressionism and Pop Art Abstract Expressionism: [pic] Jackson Pollock. “Autumn Rhythm” Oil on Canvas ??? Artists expressed in their work a balance between spontaneity andformal structure. Individual expression is emphasized. ??? Era: 1948-65 America after WWII Tech: use of color to influence mood and the energy of the artist is prominent. ??? Artists: De Kooning, Pollock, Rothko Pop Art: [pic] Roy Lichtenstein. “Drowning Girl” Oil on synthetic polymer paint on canvas. ??? Deals with commercially driven “mass culture”. Commercial art is the inspiration for pop art. ??? Era: flower generation ??? Tech: artists created cool mechanical images using photographic screen printing and airbrush tech to achieve the look of advertising imagery but used it on canvas. ??? Artists: Warhol, Hamilton, Lichtenstein, Rosenquist.