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Samuel Morse invents the telegraph, which allows messages to be sent quickly over a wire. By 1860, telegraph wires stretch from the east coast of the United States west of the Mississippi River. 1846 Alias Howe invents the sewing machine. At a time when people had to make their own clothes at home or pay someone else to sew them by hand, Alias Howe invents the sewing machine. Now clothes can be made in large factories. 1 853 Lilies Otis invents the elevator safety break. Elevators were already invented by 1853, but people worried about elevator cars falling.
Lilies Otis invents a safety break to prevent them from falling if a cable breaks, making people feel more confident about using elevators in tall buildings. January 1855 The Bessemer Method for processing steel is invented. Henry Bessemer invents a process for making steel out of iron. Having a way o make steel more quickly and more cheaply helps the production Of building and leads to the growth of cities. 1866 Alfred Nobel creates dynamite. Alfred Nobel invents dynamite, which is a safer way to blast holes in mountains or the ground than simply lighting black powder.
Dynamite is important in clearing paths to build things such as roads and railroad tracks. January 1870 Louis Pasteur develops vaccines for diseases. A chemist named Louis Pasteur believed that germs caused disease. Using this information, he created vaccines that helped prevent many common diseases, which helped people live longer. March 1876 Alexander Graham Bell patents the telephone. He may not have invented the telephone, but Alexander Graham Bell was the first to get a patent for it.