Words: 658
Nouns Definition: It is a word that names a person, a thing, a place or an idea. Grammatically, it is the head word of grammatical structure in which it functions. Kinds of nouns: Common nouns name general places or things or ideas e. G. , man, country, statute. Proper nouns name a particular person, place, or thing e. G. , Michael Jordan, Indonesia, Statute of Liberty. Concrete nouns describe things that can be seen, heard, touched, smelled or tasted e. G. , hat, hen, desk. Abstract nouns describe things that cannot be seen, touched, smelled, heard or tasted as emotions, feelings, r qualities e. . , love responsibility, Justice, fear, etc. Count and uncouth nouns: Count nouns name things, places or people that you can count (two books, three boys, one school). Count nouns can be singular or plural. Uncouth nouns name things that you cannot count (sunshine, oxygen, Information). They never take plural form. Nouns functions 1. It functions as a subject of verb (John loves Mary). 2. It functions as an object of verb-direct object Noon loves Mary) indirect Noon sent Mary some money). 3. It functions as an object of preposition (She took it from John). 4.
It functions as a objective complement after verb to be Noon is the president), objective (They elected John president). 5. It functions as noun adjunct Noon waited at the bus stop). 6. It functions as appositive Cohn, president of his club, gave a speech). 7. It functions as direct address Cohn, come here). Forms of nouns Singular (one bird, one street). Plural (two birds, three birds, two streets four streets). Most nouns can be popularized by adding -s. -sees are added to nouns ending in -SSH, – Chi. -ss, and -x(one dish vs.. Two dishes, one church vs.. Five churches, one class vs.. Two classes, one box vs.. Ere boxes). If a noun ends in a consonant+ -y, change the “y” to “I” and add -sees (one baby vs.. Two babies, one city vs.. Five cities). If -y is preceded by a vowel, add -s (one boy vs.. Seven boys, one day vs.. Ten days). If a noun ends in -fee or – f, change the ending to -eves (one knife vs.. Two knives, one shelf vs.. Eight shelves). Some exceptions such as beliefs, chiefs, roofs, cuffs. If a noun ends in -o, you sometimes add -sees or -s (one tomato vs.. Two tomatoes, one potato vs.. Six potatoes, zoo vs.. Two zoos, studio vs.. Two studios, zero vs.. Two zeros or zeroes, tornado vs.. Three rondos or tornadoes).
Some nouns have irregular plural form (person vs.. People, one child vs.. Two children, one foot vs.. Two feet, one mouse vs.. Three mice, one tooth vs.. Two teeth, one woman vs.. Four women, one man and one woman vs.. Two people). The plural form some of nouns is the as the singular one (one deer vs.. Two deer, one fish vs.. Nine fish, one sheep vs.. One hundred sheep). Words that have been borrowed from other languages have foreign plurals (one bacterium vs.. Two bacteria, one crisis vs.. Two crises, one phenomenon vs.. Several phenomena). Definite and Indefinite articles Indefinite articles are A and An.
They refer to a nonspecific person or thing (a student slating In the front row). A Is used before words beginning with consonants (b. C. D, f, g, h, j, k, l, m): a doctor, a professor, etc. It also can be used with the words like before words beginning with vowels (a, e, I, o, u): an orange, an elephant, etc. A or An are used when a speaker talks about a person or something for the first time (l met a man yesterday, she bought a new cell phone). They are used with prices and speeds (it costs 2. 99 a gallon, he is driving at 90 miles an hour). They can be used before hose numbers (a hundred dollars, a thousand days).