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. He was was an American psychologist best known for his theory of stages of moral development. He served as a professor In the Psychology Department at the university tot Chicago and at the Graduate shoo I of Education at Harvard university. Even though It was considered unusual in his era, h e decided to study the topic of moral Judgment, extending Jean Piglet’s account of children’s moral I development from twenty’s years earlier.
In his 1958 dissertation, Goldberg wrote what are now known as Kohlrabi’s stag s of moral development. Lawrence Kohlrabi’s stages tot moral development constitute an adaptation of a psychological theory originally conceived by the Swiss psychologist Jean Pigged. K lobber began work on this topic while a psychology graduate student at the University of Chi ago In 1958, and expanded and developed this theory throughout his life. The theory holds that moral reasoning, the basis for ethical behavior, has six Did unable developmental stages, each more adequate at responding to moral dilemmas than its predecessor.
Goldberg followed the development of moral Judgment far beyond the ages studied e earlier by Pigged, who also claimed that logic and morality develop through constructive stages. Expanding on Piglet’s work, Goldberg determined that the process of moral development was pr incapably concerned with Justice, and that it continued throughout the individual’s lifetime, a n action that spawned dialogue on the philosophical implications of such research.
The six stages of moral development are grouped into three levels: pre conventional morality, conventional morality, and post conventional morality. For his studies, Goldberg relied on stories such as the Heinz dilemma, and was Interested In how Individuals would Justify their actions If placed n similar moral dilemmas. He then analyzed the form of moral reasoning displayed, rather that n its conclusion. And classified it as belonging to one of six distinct stages. There have been critiques of the theory from several perspectives.
Arguments Inc elude that it ‘ Off emphasizes Justice to ten exclusion AT toner moral values, sun as caring; Tanat tenure I s such an overlap between stages that they should more properly be regarded as separate doom ins; or that evaluations of the reasons for moral choices are mostly post hoc rationalizations (by both decision makers and psychologists studying them) of essentially intuitive decisions. Nevertheless, an entirely new field within psychology was created as a direct result t of Kohlrabi’s theory, and according to Haggardly et al. s study of the most eminent sys sociologists of the 20th century, Goldberg was the 16th most frequently cited psychologist in intro doctors psychology textbooks throughout the century, as well as the 30th most eminent over Kohlrabi’s scale is about how people Justify behaviors and his stages are not a method d of ranking how moral someone’s behavior is. There should however be a correlation between ho w someone scores on the scale and how they behave, and the general hypothesis is that moral b behavior is more responsible, consistent and predictable from people at higher levels.
Chapter 2: Literature review Kohlrabi’s Method According to Lawrence Goldberg research about the stages of moral development, Whereas the theory holds that moral reasoning, the basis for ethical behavior, has six stages of development can be identified, ACH more adequate to the moral dilemmas of the past. The basic interview consists of a series of dilemmas such as the following: Heinz Steals the Drug: In Europe, a woman was near death from a special kind of cancer. There was one drug that the doctors thought might save her.
It was a form of radium that a druggist in the same town had recently discovered. The drug was expensive to make, but the druggist was charging ten times what the drug cost him to make. He paid $200 for the radium and charged $2,000 for a small dose of the drug. The sick woman’s husband, Heinz, went to everyone he knew to arrow the money, but he could only get together about $ 1,000 which is half of what it cost. He told the druggist that his wife was dying and asked him to sell it cheaper or let him pay later.
But the druggist said: “No, I discovered the drug and I’m going to make money from it. ” So Heinz got desperate and broke into the man’s store to steal the drudger his wife. Should ten unsound nave cone tuna (Gender, 1963, p. II) Goldberg had classified the various responses into stages, he wanted to know whether his classification was reliable. In particular, he. Wanted to know f others would score the protocols in the same way. Other Judges independently scored a sample of responses, and he calculated the degree to which all raters agreed.
This procedure is called integrate reliability. Goldberg found these agreements to be high, as he has in his subsequent work, but whenever investigators use Kohlrabi’s interview, they also should check for integrate reliability before scoring the entire sample (W. C. Craig. (1985). Theories of Development. Parenthetical. Up. 118136) Kohlrabi’s Six Stages Level 1 Presentational morality The presentational level of moral reasoning is commonly among hillier at innersoles and younger, some over nine.
Their level of Judgments of the morality of an action by its direct consequences. There are two stages of presentational moral development and its pure self centered. Below are the table of stages in presentational morality: Stage Description Stage 1: Obedience and The child/individual is good in order to avoid being Punishment Orientation punished. If a person is punished they must have done wrong. At this stage children recognize that there is not Just one Stage 2. Individualism and right view that is handed down by the authorities.