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Which of the following views on outsourcing would be consistent with the free racket ethics approach advocated by Milton Friedman? A. Outsourcing is detrimental to the economy because it limits profitability. B. Outsourcing decreases efficiency and productivity. C. Outsourcing enhances competitiveness, memorization, Ana Digger market opportunities. D. Automating processes and replacing workers is unethical since it does not serve a greater good. ANSWER: C PAGE: 11 6. Which of the following statements best illustrates the view of “utilitarianism”? L. From each according to his abilities, to each according to his needs.
II. The risk reasonably to be perceived defines the duty to be obeyed and risks imports relation; t is risk to another or to others within the range of apprehension. Ill. An action is right when maximizing welfare and total well-being. ‘V. Individuals should pursue his or her own self-interest, even at the expense of others. A. I only b. Ill only c. I and II d. L, II, and Ill PAGE: 14 7. The best example of a source for virtue ethics for a business is a. Newspapers articles about the corporation. B. The corporate mission statement. C. The documentation in human resources Justifying the hiring of new staff. . The resumes of the members of the board of directors and the officers. Page 22-23 8. The Ethic of Care is a. A set of rules that explain how to prioritize those people affected by a decision so that a utilitarian analysis can be done successfully. B. A set of universal principles, which applied evenly to all decisions will result in fairness and equity in ethical decisions. C. The idea that we should all make decisions under the assumption that we don’t know our station in life, that we could be the person most negatively impacted by the decision. D.
Corporate director or officer decisions to dedicate corporate funds for social causes is called: a. Corporate Social Responsibility (CARS) b. Social Activism (AS) c. Business Engagement in Environmental Situations (BEES) d. Strategic Investment in Stakeholder Issues (ISIS) A Essay Questions page 36 13. Describe the difference between the law and ethics. ANSWER: Law provides for a set of rules for behavior. When these rules are broken, behavior is punishable. On the other hand, ethics presents a menu of options, perhaps disconnected from laws.
Laws are “what a person must do,” and ethics addresses “what a person should do. ” Page 1 14. From where do ethical preferences originate? Tentacle preferences relegate not Trot legislators or Judges, out Trot an individual’s own critical consciousness. Page 2 15. Discuss how multinational corporations can be both a benefit and a detriment to society. ANSWER: As a benefit, multinational corporations affect what we eat, how we transport ourselves, what our communities look like, and how we take care of ourselves when we get sick.
They provide new Jobs, pay higher taxes, and produce new or less expensive goods and services. They introduce technology, capital, and skills to their host countries and raise the standard of living. As a detriment, they have been blamed for hastening the collapse of traditional ways of life; for taking advantage of weak and/or corrupt governments in countries here they do business; for addicting the world population to unsustainable technologies while blocking technologies counter to their interests; and for intensifying the disparities between rich and poor. Page 2 16.
Explain why laws exist that do not impose a duty to rescue. ANSWER: Traditionally, our society has tended to grant maximum leeway to individual freedom of choice. Requiring that people help one another in emergencies would infringe on that freedom by forcing people to act when they might choose not to. Further, imposing a duty to rescue presupposes that there is agreement that rendering assistance is always the right thing to do, which in some cases, it is not. Page 4 17. Describe the philosophy of noted economist, Milton Friedman, on the issue of “free market ethics. ANSWER: Friedman held that it is wrong for managers to use corporate resources to deal with problems in society at large. Decisions regarding such social problems should be addressed by governments in the political arena and funded by tax dollars. A decision by corporate managers to aid society is, in effect, theft of stockholders’ resources. Page 1 1 18. The chapter discusses a number of different ethical theories or approaches to session making. Discuss the potential dangers of relying solely on one theory or approach.
ANSWER: In relying on only one approach, a decision maker may be blind to potential problems. For example, a strict utilitarian analysis may lead to consequences that are socially unacceptable (the standard example being that a drug which cures 95% of the people but creates a much slower and painful death for the other 5% would be approved under a utilitarian analysis but may not be acceptable to the population). A strict values based decision may lead to great financial losses. Page 11 19. Discuss the differences in utilitarianism and values ethics in making a decision.
ANSWER: Utilitarianism lends itself to a very business-like approach to the decision. Decision makers analyze the pros and cons of various alternatives, looking for potential dangers such as financial loss, negative publicity, physical harm to others and so forth. They also look for benefits such as the greatest profit, the best publicity Ana so Torn. Values tenets NAS a more Internal Touch Walt an analyses AT ten nelson statement, values and culture of an organization to make a decision that creates the best “fit” with the organization. Page 14-15 and 20-22