Words: 978
World War 2 ID/Sigs Totalitarianism: a concept used to describe political systems whereby a state regulates nearly every aspect of public and private life. Fascism: an authoritarian nationalist ideology focused on solving economic, political, and social problems that its supporters see as causing national decline or decadence. Nazism: the ideology and practices of the National Socialist German Workers’ Party under Adolf Hitler, and the policies adopted by the dictatorial government of Nazi Germany from 1933 to 1945.
Neutrality Acts: a series of laws that were passed by the United States Congress in the 1930s, in response to the growing turmoil in Europe and Asia that eventually led to World War II. Appeasement: the policy of settling international quarrels by admitting and satisfying grievances through rational negotiation and compromise, thereby avoiding the resort to an armed conflict which would be expensive, bloody, and possibly dangerous. Blitzkrieg: a military doctrine of an all-mechanized force concentrating its attack on a small section of the enemy front then, once the latter is pierced, proceeding without regard to its flank.
Atlantic Charter: the essential blue-print for the Post War world and is the foundation for many of the international treaties and organizations that currently shape the world. Rationing: the controlled distribution of resources and scarce goods or services. Kamikaze: suicide attacks by military aviators from the Empire of Japan against Allied shipping, in the closing stages of the Pacific campaign of World War II, to destroy as many warships as possible. Tuskegee Airmen: the popular name of a group of African American pilots who flew with distinction during World War II as the 332nd Fighter Group of the US Army Air Corps. 42nd Regimental Combat Team: an Asian American unit composed of mostly Japanese Americans who fought in Europe during the Second World War. Joseph Stalin: the Soviet Union under Stalin signed a non-aggression pact with Nazi Germany, followed by a Soviet invasion of Poland, Finland, the Baltics, Bessarabia and northern Bukovina. Adolf Hitler: He was appointed chancellor in 1933, and quickly established a totalitarian and fascist dictatorship. Hitler pursued a foreign policy with the declared goal of seizing Lebensraum; living space for Germany, directing the resources of the state toward this goal.
His rebuilt Wehrmacht invaded Poland in 1939, leading to the outbreak of World War II in Europe. Neville Chamberlain: British Conservative politician and Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1937 to 1940. Chamberlain is best known for appeasement foreign policy, in particular regarding his signing of the Munich Agreement in 1938, conceding the Sudetenland region of Czechoslovakia to Germany, and for his containment policy of Germany in 1939 that culminated in declaring war on Germany on 3 September 1939.
Winston Churchill: British politician known chiefly for his leadership of the United Kingdom during World War II. He served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1940 to 1945 and again from 1951 to 1955. A noted statesman and orator, Churchill was also an officer in the British Army, a historian, a Nobel Prize-winning writer, and an artist. Charles de Gaulle: a French general and statesman who led the Free French Forces during World War II. He later founded the French Fifth Republic in 1958 and served as its first President from 1959 to 1969.
General Tojo: a general in the Imperial Japanese Army and the 40th Prime Minister of Japan during much of World War II, from 18 October 1941 to 22 July 1944. After the end of the war, Tojo was sentenced to death for war crimes by the International Military Tribunal of the Far East and executed on December 23, 1948. Franklin D. Roosevelt: During the Great Depression of the 1930s, Roosevelt created the New Deal to provide relief for the unemployed, recovery of the economy, and reform of the economic and banking systems, through various agencies, such as the WPA, NRA, and the AAA.
Although recovery of the economy was incomplete until World War II, several programs he initiated, such as the FDIC, TVA, and the SEC, continue to have instrumental roles in the nation’s commerce. Nuremburg Trials: a series of trials most notable for the prosecution of prominent members of the political, military, and economic leadership of Nazi Germany after its defeat in World War II. Kristallnacht: a pogrom in Nazi Germany on November 9 10, 1938. On a single night, 91 Jews were murdered and 25,000 30,000 were arrested and deported to concentration camps.
Island Hopping: a term that has several different definitions as it is applied in various fields. Generally, the term refers to the means of crossing an ocean by a series of shorter journeys between islands, as opposed to a single journey directly across the ocean to the destination. Manhattan Project: the project to develop the first atomic weapon during World War II; involving the United States, the United Kingdom, and Canada. Formally designated as the MED, it efers specifically to the period of the project from 1939 1946 under the control of the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers, under the administration of General Leslie R. Groves. Pearl Harbor: a harbor on the island of O? ahu, Hawaii, west of Honolulu. Much of the harbor and surrounding lands is a United States Navy deep-water naval base. It is also the headquarters of the U. S. Pacific Fleet. The attack on Pearl Harbor by the Empire of Japan on December 7, 1941, brought the United States into World War II.
D-Day: the first operations of the Allied invasion of Normandy, also known as Operation Neptune and Operation Overlord, during World War II. Holocaust/Final Solution: Nazi Germany’s plan and execution of its systematic genocide against European Jewry during World War II, resulting in the final, most deadly phase of the Holocaust. Hitler termed it: “the final solution of the Jewish question” Battle of the Bulge: a major German offensive launched towards the end of World War II through the forested France and Luxembourg on the Western Front.