Words: 1361
Chapter 6 Lesson 1 – The Rise of the Greek Civilizations l. Grace’s Geographic Setting A. Smashed pieces – some floated into sea – others as peninsula’s Peninsula – area of land that is surrounded by water on three sides B. Most of Greece is mountain tops/bad farming 1/5 good – made them traders Islands and land islands separated Greece – separate countries 1 . Own customs and beliefs were best 2. WSDL fight for them – even though they were alike II. Greek Beginnings A. Minoan Civilization 1 . 3000 – 1100 B. C. – Bronze Age – lived on Crete Med. Aegean Sea 2. Broad sea trade – seemed to be successful from remains there and declined quickly B. The Mycenaean 1 . Took over what was mainly the Minoan empire 2. Did trade but also did some empire building 3. Were beat-up by 3. Mixed cultures and spoke an early form of Greek C. The Trojan War 1 . Greek Myth – about the Trojan War – Big wooden horse seen as gift – rolled in and Soldiers come out at night and let the rest of the Greek Army in. 2. Epic – long story telling poem 3. Iliad/Odyssey – credited to Homer – tell of Greek gods and heroes 4.
Most agree that the Trojan War did not happen as described by Homer but know that Troy was destroyed by fire in sass’s B. C. – maybe by Greeks. Ill. The Dark ages of Greece A. Not long after the Trojan War Grace’s economy collapsed – not known why. B. Survival was the main focus not writing C. Sass’s – 750 B. C. – not recorded well and rely on word of mouth D. Some families began to resettle and grow crops – settled by mats. And hills – villages formed, built acropolis. E. Acropolis – fortification that meaner high city City States Develop A. Around 750 B. C. It is believed that several villages Joined together to form city- B.
City-state – a city that separates to form an independent state states. Included a city and villages that grew around them for support armed each more or less independent C. Aristocracy: Nobles Rule 1 . Aristocrats – members of rich and powerful families 2. Hundred 2. Early rulers were chieftains or military kings 3. Money = power,(weapons, chariots, soldiers) A New Type of Ruler 1 . As trade grew a new middle class developed from merchants/artisans 2. Wanted say in government but could not afford horses/chariots afford armor/swords/spears/men 4. Shifted military force from aristocracy to these people eventually came to power 6.
Tyrant – ruler that seized power by force 3. Could 5. Tyrants 7. Today we see tyrants as cruel but some back then ruled wisely. IV. Democracy in Greece A. People in many city-states overthrew tyrants B. Some developed democratic government – Athens did this the most C. Democracy – citizens govern themselves D. New ruler (Solon) in 594 B. C. Ruled fairly 1 . Cancelled debt and released slaves from debt 2. 18 or older males could debate E. 1/5 people in Athens were citizens, Athenian Mother and Father citizens could vote – not slaves not women not foreigners F. Only Lesson 2 – Religion, Philosophy and the Arts The Golden Age of Athens A.
Golden Age of Athens/achieved by mining of silver from slaves, (479-431 BC) B. Tributes from allies also made them gain wealth D. Tribute – payments made to Athens by it’s allies E. Particles was the powerful leader – aristocrat that supported democracy 1 . Paid government workers 2. Poor citizens could afford to hold public office 3. The Parthenon was built in honor of Athena – goddess of Athens l. Ancient Greek Religious Beliefs A. Worshiped the family of gods (p. 183 chart) B. Gods and Goddesses 1 . Difference between gods and humans was that gods were immortal Immortal – lived forever 4. Zeus was the king of gods 5.
Each city worshipped one of the 12 6. Festivals/sacrifices/every four years all honored Zeus – Olympics C. The Oracles 1 . Oracles – sacred sites where it was believed that gods spoke 2. Looked to priests and priestesses for government/war advice II. The Search for Knowledge A. A. Greek Science and Philosophy B. 1. Philosophers – believed that people could use the powers of the mind and reason to understand natural events world b. Democratic – atoms B. Socrates 1 . Focused on Justice and courage a. Thales -water was basic material for 2. Asked questions that made others think about beliefs 3. “Know thyself” 4. Any people were mad – some officials – sentenced to death/suicide C. Plato and Aristotle 1. Plato . Student of Socrates b. Believed in society of groups – workers/soldiers/Philips. – rulers Aristotle – reason should guide in the pursuit of knowledge Ill. Visual and Dramatic Arts A. The Parthenon 1. Characteristics a. Full of action b. Showed balance and order c. Lifelike and natural 2. Goal of Greek Art was to present image of perfection and balance Dramas 1 . Tragedy – serious story that usually ends in disaster for the main character a. Oedipus 2. Chorus sang poems in between scenes to give more info B.
Comedies – made fun of well-known people and politicians as well as customs of the day. Was accepted ‘V. Many City-States, One People A. Very patriotic – active role in government B. Placed value on free thinking – developed new ideas (philosophy, religion, government, arts) C. Spread of education and trade D. Saw all of Greece as a common people but separated into City-States (Hellene) E. Olympics in 776 B. C. And held every four years for 1000 years 1 . Common culture of city-states, bragging rights 2. Honored Zeus 3. Running, horse racing, boxing, wrestling, and many more Chapter 6 Assessment Vocabulary: 1. Peninsula – 2.
Epic – 3. Acropolis – 4. City-State – 5. Aristocrats – 6. Tyrant – 7. Democracy – 8. Tribute – 9. Immortal – 10. Oracles – 11. Philosophers – 12. Tragedy – 13. Comedy Concepts Questions: 1 . What geographic features impacted movement in Ancient Greece? LAT 52 2. How does the geography of Greece impact the early culture, trade and movement of the Greeks? LAT 53 3. What were the requirements to be a citizen as well as the rights that came with that title? LAT. 64 4. The definition of a citizen has changed over many centuries. How has this evolving definition differed from Ancient Greece to Early America to present day United States?
LAT 3 Hint – role of slaves, foreigners, and omen as citizens. 5. Give two reasons that Particles had for paying people that worked in the government? LAT 1 6. How did geographic and cultural factors result in the forming of city-states? LAT 62 7. Through geography and culture, how did city- states connect and what was the reason that they would fight with each other so much? LAT 53 8. Describe the shift in power from the times of the kings to the time of democracy. Include kings, aristocrats, tyrants and democracy. LAT 3 9. Why was democracy not fair to most in Ancient Greece? LAT 3 10. There are many things that are associated with democracy.
What are the two ways that Athens gained power and strength that were not very democratic? LAT 73 1 1 . Describe the ancient Greek religion including what it was based upon, for example what/who they worshiped and their relationship of religion in their lives. CHECK? LAT 62 12. How was the way that the Ancient Greeks searched for knowledge different than those that came before them? Check LAT 62 13. Describe the life and death of Socrates, why did this happen? Compare his fate to the freedoms that we have today. LAT 62 14. Greek art tried to show “balance and perfection” describe what this meaner and how they accomplished his.
LAT 62 15. Explain the Greek tragedy? Give an example today of a tragedy and explain, it can be a movie or a real life experience. -LAT 4 16. What was so different with the Greek comedies and what happened to Socrates? Give an example from today that is similar to Greek comedies. LAT 4 17. What were the Olympics and what was the purpose? LAT 4 18. How did democracy and achievement go together for ancient Greece? LAT 3 19. Looking at how the city-states that had to pay tributes. What costs/benefits analysis would be done in order to decide to pay a tribute or go on your own? LAT 73