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Compose an essay addressing the overall theme of globalization from the regions covered in module 9 and 10, but specifically focuses integration and change of cultural identity, indigenous peoples, Micro&states. Explore the varying demographic structures and the environmental issues posed by the various agricultural systems and other primary economic stateless, as they affect these regions and the world. South Salad’s recent decline In fertility shows d distinct pattern geographically. Sir Lankan and most of southern and western India show signs of stabilization while rather South Asia shows an increase.
There have been family planning programs put Into place In tense areas out ten commitment to mannerly to tense varlets. Most South Asians reside in compact rural villages but large amounts are migrating into the larger cities with the promise of better living conditions and the city life’s attractions. As the farms in these areas learn to gather more machinery to do the work, the laborers have no choice but to migrate to urban areas. Small farmers have a difficult time competing with the larger farms who can afford fertilizers, etc.
Because of this there has been an increase in suicides among this population (Renowned, Lewis, Price, & Waco, 2012, p. 550). South Asia can easily be divided in to several different crop zones. Rice is the main crop and in the lower Ganges Valley, lowlands in eastern and western coasts, delta lands of Bangladesh, lower Indus Valley, and in Sir Lankan. This region is the fourth largest producer of rice in the world. Wheat is the main crop grown in the northern Indus Valley and western half of Gangue’s Valley. This is the area where the Green Revolution has significantly increased to crop yield.
This technique has fed the population over the past several decades but whether or not it will continue to do so remains unknown. Some believe that if improvements could be made to increase the transportation between areas it would help in wasting less product and a larger profit for the farmers (Renowned, Lewis, price, & Waco, 2012, p. 553). India has been a secular country since the beginning, with the Congress Party trying to keep politics and religion separate. Since the asses however it has been under pressure by the Hindu fundamentalism which promotes the religious values of
Hinduism as an essential part of society. This has led to tension with the Muslims in some areas. In other areas such as Pakistan, rising Islamic fundamentalism has caused much conflict as the group wants to make this area a fully religious states under Islamic law. The government has tried to mediate between the two groups but has been viewed as being biased towards the Psalmists (Renowned, Lewis, Price, & Waco, 2012, p. 557). One issue is Indian’s need for transportation to be increased as the economy increases.
In light of this a massive road project has been undertaken to connect New Delhi, Kola, Achaean, and Iambi, four large cities. A four lane highway was completed but appeared to not be enough and it was decided that 2 more lanes needed to be added. It has not been easy for the country as the tolls have increased, taxes went up, and citizens have demanded more crossing for cattle, etc. The construction project has caused religious and environmental tensions. Multiple Hindu temples have had to be moved, pushing local worshippers to try to shut down the project.
Other opposition came about from others concerned about the thousands of large trees that have been destroyed. These trees are considered sacred by Hindus and as a result of this, contractors have had to hire Muslims to cut down the trees at night (Renowned, Lewis, Price, & Waco, 2012, p. 540). This region has been a meeting ground for cultural influences from South Asia, Middle East, Europe, China, and North America. Southeast Asia has always been attractive to these areas because of its natural resources and location on the oceanic trade routes.
Because of these factors the cultural geography of this region shows a history of combing external influences and its own traditions. Historically this region has its roots connected to Tour major religion AT construal TTY, Islam, Hauls, Ana Buddhism (Renowned, Lewis, Price, & Waco, 2012, p. 607). Cultural globalization has been a challenge in some Southeast Asian countries. For example, in Malaysia, the government is very cautious of allowing outside films, TV programs, etc. Islamic revivalism also offers a challenge to these outside influences.
The English language also causes some tension in this region as it is viewed as part of the outside influences but is needed to participate in business and politics (Renowned, Lewis, Price, & Waco, 2012, p. 613). Southeast Asia is composed of 10 different countries that form the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (SEAN). This organization gives Southeast Asia its regional coherence. One geopolitical issue in Southeast Asia is this SEAN alliance. Even though the organization is on friendly terms with the United States, one of its main goals is to prevent all countries from influencing this region.
Even though this organization has maintained relationships with Southeast Asian and Western powers, China, Japan and South Korea, it has not diffused the international political tensions, one example being the rise of radical Islamic fundamentalism in the Muslim parts of the region (Renowned, Lewis, Price, & Waco, 2012, p. 623). As far as demographic issues in Southeast Asia, Indonesia used to have a policy of transmigration, with the government helping to move people from densely populated areas to lesser populated areas in the country.
Since this has been taking place the populations of the outer islands have grown rapidly. High environmental and social costs have come about because of these relocations. For example, Javanese peasant ho are used to working the highly fertile soils of the islands, fail in their attempts to grow rice in places like the former rain forest of Borneo. On some areas, farmers have had to moves to new sites once the old one is unusable leading to abandoned fields (Renowned, Lewis, Price, & Waco, 2012, p. 604).
The insular Southeast Asia has infertile soil as the island forests typically grow on a poor base of soil. The amount of rain this region gets also lends itself to washing out what nutrients the soil may hold. To deal with this farmers have to rotate what is rowan in the fields or apply a heavy amount of fertilizer. In other areas near volcanic activity have soils rich in nutrients and has led to very productive agriculture that supports a large variety of tropical crops and a high population of people. People in these areas supplement their farming of the land with fishing and other commercial activities.
The demographics in mainland Southeast Asia are less complicated as they tend to dwell in the agriculturally intensive valleys and deltas of the large rivers (Renowned, Lewis, Price, & Waco, 2012, p. 600). The region of Oceania is a collection of islands afflicted by ongoing ethnic and political unrest. The country struggles to deal with new relationships between the Fijians and the Indo-FiJians. Cultural barriers between the two have resulted in low rates of marriages between the groups. Outside tension on these groups have come from foreign investors pushing for development of the sugar industry.
These tensions are also found in other parts such as Australia and New Zealand (Renowned, Lewis, price, & Waco, 2012, p. 640). Most Pacific islands have gone through large transformations in culture over the sat 100 years. People from Asia, Europe, and even the U. S. Have brought new technologies Ana values Tanat nave change tens regions place In ten world I Nils NAS resulted in English replacing native languages, the practice of Hinduism on some islands and people that once fished now work at tourist hotels and golf courses.
European colonialism introduce new political and economic systems to this region (Renowned, Lewis, Price, & Waco, 2012, p. 663). The independent existence of Ocean’s Microsystems is dependent on an international system committed to retesting small countries and providing them with aid and emergency support. This has its positive and negative points. With the recent global economic crisis, some countries are challenging this existing system. This makes the support for the Microsystems uncertain.
There is a real risk that a number of these Microsystems might fall under the hold of an authoritarian regime, some of which have already started to extend support to radical groups in Oceania. This is all the more concerning when at some point in the future, the Microsystems might have to relocate parts of their population due to rising sea levels, higher incidences of extreme weather events, and rising salinity in the water sources and soil which would destroy their agriculture (SAGA, 2011, p. 1).
Much of Australia’s economic past had been built upon the export of raw materials. Agriculture here is highly productive as it holds a variety of different crops as well as large quantities of beef and wool for export. Even though this has always been a large portion of their economy, mining has come along and grown to the point of making this region a superpower. This mining trade has grown due to increased read with China. Besides iron and coal, Australia also exports metals such as nickel, lead, gold, copper, and zinc.
Increased numbers of immigrants have led to relationships with other Asian markets which has helped the economy. The tourism industry has also diversified the economy here. (Renowned, Lewis, Price, & Waco, 2012, p. 669). Globalization has had a negative environmental effect on Australia and Oceania. For example, the regions natural resources have been open to outside development. The mining operations have put the area at risk for metals pollution. Deforestation as also threatened the region as the forest have been destroyed to make room for beef pastures.