Words: 1763
There are many big and small rivers. The Pad, the Meghan, the Jejuna are the big and wide rivers. The Bargaining, the Statistical, the Dealership, the Taste, the Mathematic, the Gamut and the Ukrainian are small rivers. Most Of the rivers of our country rise from the Himalayas and fall into the Bay of Bengal. Almost 300 rivers and their tributaries crisscross the country. The outflow of water from Bangladesh is the third highest in the world, next only to those of the Amazon and the Congo systems.
Major Rivers: Major rivers include the Pad, the Meghan, the Jejuna, the Paramount and the Guardianship. They are an inseparable part of the lives of the people ND can bring sorrow when there are severe floods. But most of the time, they make farmers happy by fertilizing the soil. Ganges (or Pad), Paramount (or Jejuna), and the Meghan are three active rivers. Scenario of Our Rivers: Many poems, songs and novels have been written on the rivers and their role in the lives Of the Bangladesh people.
Some Of the rivers are regarded as more poetic because of the nature of their flow and their effect on the countryside. Tourists are sure to enjoy the revering beauty of Bangladesh, the various types of boats plying smoothly to the rhythm of waves; and the sky and the ever meeting in a spectacular sunset. Relaxing on the riverbank they can easily forget the bustle and anxieties of city life for a while. But it is a great sorrow that this scenario has changed.
One of the most important features of the wetlands and dazzling river systems of the country are the Sandbars, the great mangrove forest where the Ganges-Paramount flows down into the Bay of Bengal. This great delta is a 1 6,700 sq km World Heritage Site of which two-thirds lies in Bangladesh and one-third in India. A network of tidal rivers, creeks and canals separates over 200 islands. Local people live off the forest products, chiefly honey, DOD and fish. Double Char in Bangladesh is a hive of activity with fishing from mid-October to mid-February.
The amazing ecological diversity Of the Sandbars supports endangered Pad River creatures, such as the tiger (which has adapted to the salt-water environment), the estuarine crocodile, the Genetic and Roadway dolphin and a host of smaller mammals, migratory birds, reptiles and amphibians. Importance of Rivers: Agricultural Sectors: The rivers are the source of our wealth. Bangladesh is an agricultural country. The prosperity of agriculture depends on the rivers. These rivers have made the soil fertile. So rice, jute tea and other crops grow in plenty here. Fishing: Rivers of Bangladesh abound with fish. Fish is an important wealth.
The fishermen catch a huge quantity of fish and export to foreign countries. Thus they earn a lot of foreign exchange. Fish is our main item of food. Transport or Communication Sectors: The rivers of our country are the main ways of communication. Boats, launches and steamers move on these rivers in all reasons. Men and goods are carried from one town to another, from one part to another. All these are possible only for river communication. Most of the cities, towns, industries, tats, bazaars, trade-centers are on the bank Of rivers. The products Of mills, factories and industries are easily carried to different places through rivers.
Raw materials from far and near can be carried easily to our industries. Thus our rivers help in commerce, trade and industry. Source of Energy: Some of the rivers are source of energy. This energy helps the industries. Some of the rivers are used to produce electricity. Goalpost and Ukrainian hydro-electric projects are used to solve electricity problem. Great Influence of people: The rivers have a great influenced on the people of Bangladesh. People love the rivers, its water and music. The rivers have made up emotional and sentimental. Much of joys and happiness depend on rivers.
The rivers have influenced many of our writers and poets. Many rivers have found expressions in the writings of Arbitrating ??tag??re, Kaki Unusual Islam, Michael Mohammedan and Jaundice. Some of the Bengali novels have been named after the rivers like Pad Nadir Manikin and Pad Protozoa. The artists and painters like Gainful Babied have been much influenced by the rivers. Shari, Battista and Marshier are the expressions of the village people’s love for rivers. Current conditions: Sometimes the rivers cause great damage to our life and property. In the rainy season the rivers overflow their banks and cause flood.
People suffer untold sufferings. In spite of the little harm, the rivers are useful to us in many ways. They are the source of our wealth, health and happiness. Current conditions of some rivers are given bellow Bargaining River DACHA – It was once the lifeline of the Bangladesh capital. But the once mighty Bargaining river, which flows by Dacha, Bargaining river, one of the major rivers near Dacha’s . One of the most polluted rivers in Bangladesh cause of rampant dumping of industrial and human waste. The pollutants have eaten up all oxygen in the Bargaining and we call it biologically dead.
It is like a septic tank. There is no fish or aquatic life in this river apart from zero oxygen survival kind of organisms. Major pollutants are listed as dumping of passengers and industrial wastes. Encroachment, which prevents free flow of water, is also listed among causes of the plight. Experts warn that many rivers of the country either dry up or get biologically dead due to grave pollution and encroachment. The country has around 230 rivers and a clear majority of he 140 million people depend on rivers for safe water, transportation and fishing. Much of the Bargaining is now gone, having fallen to ever insatiable land grabbers and industries dumping untreated effluents into the river,” said Anion Insist, a leading environmental expert. All industrial, municipal (700-1 100 tones daily) and urban wastes Of Dacha city (population 1989 about 6. 5 million and expected to grow in year 2000 to 11. 1 million) are flushed into the Bargaining River. It is estimated that total organic waste load discharged into the river will be around 250 metric tones per day Rearguard, 1994).
Bargaining Statistical River Besides wastes from Dacha urban population the river receives untreated industrial wastes from urea fertilizer plants, textile mills and other industries. The principal polluting agent in the region is the Urea Fertilizer Factory of Shortfalls and the concentration of ammonia dissolved in water has increased over time causing fish-kills. Ball River The river near Tong (1 5 miles north of Dacha) receives untreated effluents from industries such as textiles, lead batteries, pulp and paper, pharmaceuticals, paints, detergents, iron and steel, rubber etc.
As new industries and an entire new city sprout along its banks, the river Ball on the eastern fringe of the city is slowly dying, strangled by land encroachment and poisoned by industrial pollution, creating a serious health hazard for several lake people living in the area. Local people say the stench in the river Ball is so strong during the lean period that they find it difficult to breathe. “We can not even think of touching the water during the lean season, which lasts for over four months. The water is so polluted and bad smelling that it turns the skin white,” said Inurn Main of Boor Braid village on the western bank of the river.
Guardianship River The polluting industries of Chitchatting (south-east of Bangladesh) such as 1 9 tanneries, 26 textile mills, 1 oil refinery, 1 TTS plant, 1 EDT plant, 2 chemical complexes, 5 fish processing units, 1 urea fertilizer factory, 1 asphalt bitumen plant, 1 steel mill, 1 paper mill (solid waste disposal hourly 1450 mm), 1 rayon mill complex, 2 cement factories, 2 pesticide manufacturing plants, 4 paint and dye manufacturing plants, several soap and detergent factories and a number of light industrial units directly discharge untreated toxic effluent into Guardianship river.
From the survey of effluents from different industries, it has en found that the discharge is generally composed of organic and inorganic wastes. The organic waster are the effluents from the tanneries, fish processing units, degradable wood chips, pulps and untreated municipal and sewage (about 40,000 keg BODY daily) etc. The inorganic waster are chemicals used by the industries such as various acids, bleaching powder, lissome, hydrogen peroxide, alkali, salts, lime, dyes, pigments, aluminum-sulfate and heavy metals etc.
The EDT factory and fertilizers factory disposing of EDT, toxic chemicals and heavy metals to the Guardianship River and ultimately to the Bay of Bengal (Table: 2 and 3). The tables show about 220 pump of chromium, 0. 3-2. 9 of cadmium, 0. 05-0. 27 pump of mercury, 0. 5-21. 8 pump of lead entering river and sea water much higher than allowable limits. And extremely alarmingly to aquatic flora and fauna and through food chains to human beings.
It may be mentioned that Bangladesh obtain table salt from solar drying of sea water and consequently increase pollution of sea water shall create a serious national health hazard situation. The government over the years has allowed industrialists to pollute the rivers, canals and wetlands in and around the city to such an extent that surface eater turned pitch black in several spots. Pollution has set in on the Bargaining, Statistical and Ball rivers and made it almost impossible to treat the water.
The water and Sewerage Authority (was), is supplying stinky water by purifying it with chlorine ammonia sulfate. But most of the industrialists have defied the directive and the government also did not take action against any of the violators. Even the department of environment (DoE) does not know much about it. Besides industry generated liquid and solid Waste, most of the human excreta directly goes down the rivers through underground pipeline as nearly 70 percent houses are not connected to the excrete treatment plant.
Waste from these industries is connected with the sewerage system that directly goes into That Rivers around the city. In fact, the rivers have become a dumping ground of all kinds of solid, liquid, and chemical waste of bank side population. This is basically the current conditions of our rivers. But we can’t make this happening. We should stop this kind of illegal works. We need to take necessary steps to overcome this condition. So what should we do in order to change this condition? The solutions are- 1. Source Reduction C] We should reduce the use of fertilizer.