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Table of contents 1. Task 1 1. 1 Introduction1 1. 2 What’s an Organization? 1 1. 3 Organization structure 1 1. 4 Type of Organizational structure 2 1. 5 Organizational culture3 1. 6 There are four type of cultures4 1. 7Introduction to the chosen organization 5 2. Introduction of Airtel 5 2. 1The culture of Airtel Pvt 7 2. 2 Factors Influence individuals Behavior at work place 7 2. Leadership style approach By Airtel 8 2. 4 Recommendations 8 3. Introduction of Bank of Maldives 9 3. 1 The culture of Bank of Maldives Plc 11 3. 2 Factors influence individual’s behavior at work place 12 3. 3 Leadership style approach By Airtel 12 3. 4 Recommendation 13 4. Task 2 4. 1 Leadership 14 4. Comparison of Leadership style and management approach to Bank of Maldives Plc and Airtel pvt. 15 4. 3Comparison of management style 16 5. Task 3 5. 1 Motivational theories practiced by organizations17 5. 2Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs 17 5. 3 Costa and McRae’s type theory 18 5. 4 Herzberg two Factor Theory for Bank of Maldives Plc and Airtel Pvt. 8 6. Leadership and Motivation and practice management 18 7. Conclusion 20 8. Reference list 21 1. Task 1 1. 1. Introduction In this report the author has analyzed the organizational behavior as consultant for Airtel and Bank of Maldives. The author has observed the structure and the culture of the two organizations. The findings from the research are explained briefly in this report.
Also the author has explained the different types of leadership and motivational theories used by the two organizations using the theories learned in organizational behavior module, Giving the authors point of view and recommendations as a consultant. 1. 2. What’s an Organization? Group of people who work interdependently towards some purpose is called organization. (S. L. Mashane, M. V. Glinow. 2003). 1. 3. Organization structure Organization structure is important in a company because the division of work among members of an organization is shown by its structure.
Organizational structure is explained by the framework of formal and informal rules and regulations within the companies. Structure is pattern of the position of an organization, therefore structure makes possible the application of the management and creates a firm work of order and command through which the activities of organization can be planned, organized, directed and controlled. Formal: rules that are observable through written documents or rules that are determined and executed or formal are functional and department manager take the decision.
Informal: rules based on implicit understandings, and informal doesn’t have any formalities in their sector. 1. 4. Type of Organizational structure 1. Functional structure 2. Divisional structure 3. Matrix structure Functional structure Figure0. 1 The above functional structure figure 0. 1 shows the experience for each function. Structure classifies people according to the function they perform in their professional life or according to the functions performed by them in the organization.
The employees are working on department based on what their jobs are in figure 0. 1 engineering department, maintenance department, finance department, research department, Warehouse department, purchasing department. The functional structure does not allow flexibility because of centralization. Divisional structure Figure 0. 2 Divisional structure divides, shown in figure 0. 2 above, the employees based on the product structure, marketing structure, and geographical structure. Each division is responsible for their own product. Matrix structure
Figure 0. 3 The above figure 0. 3 shows Matrix structure because in this structure combines functional structure and divisional structure and take the benefit from these two structures. 1. 5. Organizational culture Organizational culture is” The collection of traditional, value, policies, beliefs and attitudes that constitute a pervasive context for everything we do and thin in an organization”. (L J. MULLINS, 2007). 1. 6. There are four type of cultures Power culture: Power cultures are usually found within a small or medium size organization.
Decisions in an organization that display a power culture are centralized around one key individual. That person likes control and the power behind it. As group work is not evident in a power culture, the organization can react quickly to dangers around it as no consultation is involved. However this culture has its problems, lack of consultation can lead to staff feeling undervalued and de-motivated, which can also lead to high staff turnover. Role culture: Common in most organizations today is a role culture.
In a role culture, organizations are split into various functions and each individual within the function is assigned a particular role. The role culture has the benefit of specialization. Employees focus on their particular role as assigned to them by their job description and this should increase productivity for the company. This culture is quite logical to organize in a large organization. Task culture: A task culture refers to a team based approach to complete a particular task.
They are popular in today’s modern business society where the organization will establish particular ‘project teams’ to complete a task to date. A task culture clearly offers some benefits. Staff feels motivated because they are empowered to make decisions within their team, they will also feel valued because they may have been selected within that team and given the responsibility to bring the task to a successful end. Person culture: Person cultures are commonly found in charities or nonprofit organizations. The focus of the organization is the individual or a particular aim. Learn management 2, n. d). 1. 7. Introduction to the chosen organization For the report I have chosen two organizations that are Airtel and Bank of Maldives. Both have been introduction its organization structure, culture, and both has been compare to the performance of the organization. 2. Introduction of Airtel Airtel is one of the leading telecommunication companies in the world. Operating in 19 different countries across Asia and Africa. The company offers mobile voice and data service, fixed line high speed broadband, IPTV,
DTH, turnkey telecom solutions for enterprises and national and international long distance services to carriers. Airtel has been ranked for the best six performing technology companies in world wild. Airtel has 200 million customers across its operations. Airtel vision & Promise By 2015 Airtel will be the most loves brand, enriching the lives of millions. “Enriching lives means putting the customer at the heart of everything we do. We will meet their needs based on our deep understanding of their ambitions, wherever they are.
By having this focus we will enrich our own lives and those of our other key stakeholders. Only then will we be thought of as exciting, innovation, on their side and a truly world class company. ” (Airtel India/ about us, 2011). Organizational structure of Airtel Figure: 0. 4 Airtel organizational structure chart figure 0. 4 shows Airtel use Matrix structure because Airtel is a multinational company and it takes the benefit from functional structure and divisional structure too . however, for Airtel it’s not easy to apply this structure because of duel of authority.
In Airtel functional structure plays a main role in their organization by employees are working on department based on what they are doing in above figure 0. 4. Airtel organizational structure is tending to be tall hierarchical structure than flat. In Airtel divisional structure is used in production, customer segment, and geographical location because in their department the employee takes the responsibility for each product and resources. In Airtel authority and responsibility is given by the Charmin and orders will come from the top to bottom. 2. 1.
The culture of Airtel Pvt. The culture of Airtel is role culture and task culture, it’s because the role culture is use for functional organization where department manager control their specific department in Airtel they have their companies around the world . Each office has department to control specific area of the organization, therefore task culture which uses teams to do particular task to complete their work so in Airtel as the same rules in the task culture. Role culture is define in Airtel organization likewise they takes the decision by the board of directors.
This organization motivate their employees by giving extra allowances to subordinates every month other than the salary the employees of this organization gets allowance and medical facilities to employees. For the benefit they get annual leave and emergency leave too. 2. 2. Factors Influence individuals Behavior at work place The factors that influence the individual behavior at work consist of skills, personality, attitude, perception, competence, technology, vocational choice, training, group dynamic, decision making, and leadership. In Airtel the management practice get influenced by how they treat to the organization.
Management of Airtel gives a friendly environment and attitude towards to the organization is good by observing the subordinates work giving the full technology that the organization need it make the subordinates complete the various jobs that given by the management . Professional choice is needed and the Airtel management observation is highly demanded to the organization and the management trains the subordinates how to face and make the decision in organization if the management show and gives a good leadership the organization will get successful and will get high demand in the market. 2. Leadership style approach By Airtel Leadership style for the Airtel is Democratic style and Autocratic style both are in the organization. Therefore Democratic style in Airtel is used where the decision is make by the manager of the company and decision that manager make is shared by subordinates in the organization and they can participate in group action. In Airtel the main management approach that practice is democratic approaches . The Airtel provide many product and service to the customer and its consists of many functional department in Sri Lanka and other countries and each department is inter-related to each other .
Each employee is each department is specialized in their field, and each department is inter-related each other so it’s good for the communication network in their organization and it will easier to make decision therefore Airtel use Autocratic style in some decision making like the leader take the decision and he lead the organization without participation of any subordinates . but the sale department they use the democratic style they approach to subordinates to participate and the employees are directly related to the customer so it will be easy to manage and plan .
The Airtel management gives training programs to all individuals along with their skills so that the employees will be motivated by giving them job security, special package to the employees, the building safety, insurance policies vacation package and salaries. Organization is important to tackle the internal subordinate as well as outside customers (external). When the subordinate are satisfied with their given work they will be more attached to the culture of the company, which at the end benefits the company. 2. 4 Recommendation.
As the Airtel is a successful privet limited company the best part of the organization it’s the structure of the company which is exiting already the role culture and task it’s a benefit for the organization having the matrix structures . Because Airtel is multinational company which operate in 19 different countries with a huge employee base. Airtel can give loyalty rewards to its employee’s . and Airtel can give the reward for the employee who make the most sales on the monthly base. The structure and culture that already existing in the company is acceptable, there are some of the activities in Airtel which the management can improve.
Airtel can do some benefit favors to the employees, but instead of favoring some of the employee’s managers should be friendly with all of the employees. To apply the organization, the management can use democratic management style, give full delegation to employees and supervise the work they are doing, this will improve the relationship between the managers and employees and it will also improve the relationship between the subordinates. If the organization act and approach this recommendation the Airtel Company will get successful. 3. Introduction of Bank of Maldives
Bank of Maldives was founded on 23rd May 1982 . Bank of Maldives plc was inaugurated on 11 November 1982 and started commercial as a joint venture bank with 60%share held by government of the Maldives (including its Agencies and Maldivian companies) and 40% share owned by International Finance Investment Company Limited, The bank was managed by the professionals of IFIC Bank limited and they were paid 10% of the bank profit. Government of the Maldives decided to re-structure the bank of Maldives as requested the IFIC Bank Ltd to reduce the share holding and also the number of the representation in the Board. 0% of share capital where equally sold by to State Trading Organization and Maldives Transport and Contacting Company. In December 1992, the Government decided, to sell Bank’s shares to the general public, with a view to expand the Bank’s capital. From January 1, 1993, Bank of Maldives Plc has become, and since then remained, a bank fully owned by the people and the Government of the Maldives and Bank of Maldives has 25 branches. Bank of Maldives Vision, Mission and Value Mission of bank of Maldives “We will lead the way through quality of service and dedication of our staff.
We will serve all our communities to the best of our ability, strive always to listen to your needs and so build total customer confidence and satisfaction”. (Bank of maldives, Our commitment ,2010). Vision of bank of Maldives •To be the leader in the financial industry in Maldives, spreading its presence in all key economic geographies in Maldives •To be the leader in the financial industry in Maldives, inculcating a long term saving culture in the nation and promoting a cashless society •To be one of the most Efficient, Profitable and Respected financial institutions in Maldives. Bank of maldives, Our commitment ,2010). Bank of Maldives values (Bank of maldives, Our commitment ,2010). Organizational Structure of Bank of Maldives Plc. Figure 0. 5 Above figure 0. 5 shows the bank of Maldives organization structure and the structure used by them is functional structure. Bank of Maldives has lots of branches and each branch has several departments for example, finance department, maintenance department, legal department and human resources department etc… These department have own responsibility for their product or service. This structure enhances the experience of this function.
For example, all the accountants work in same department but they will exchange the knowledge and support each other. By using this structure bank of Maldives had saves lots of money because of the economical scale, but using this structure the organization have gone through difficult times between the coordinators and other disadvantage is its not flexibility because of centralization . but in Bank of Maldives the chain of command or the authority and the orders is passing from the top to the bottom of the organization’s hierarchy or centralization decision making 3. . The culture of Bank of Maldives Plc. Bank of Maldives is a government organization therefore they use power culture. And the managing board takes the decision by the order of the government ministry. Therefore taking the decision and passing the order to subordinates . The culture environment is used according to the government and the employees have to obey the rules and regulation. 3. 2. Factors influence individual’s behavior at work place Bank of Maldives having a functional structure means in which area the group is functional or specialized in.
Most organizations today are a power culture in Maldives. Bank of Maldives is a power culture, because organizations are split into various functions and each individual within the function is assigned a particular role. In this culture has the benefit of specialization. Employees focus on their particular role as assigned to them by their job description and this should increase productivity for the organization. This culture is quite logical to organize in a medium organization. 3. 3. Leadership style approach By Bank of Maldives.
Bank of Maldives management style is Bureaucratic and democratic style. .Therefore Bureaucratic leaders follow rules carefully, and make sure that their employee follows procedures correctly. This is a very appropriate style for bank of Maldives because they need to make sure the money and the bank is safety and they have to be ready to face the risks such as large sums of money are involved such as handling cash. Democratic style is approach within the subordinates by involving the subordinates in group action and Bank of Maldives does not include flavoring democratic management in the organization .
Bank of Maldives organization structure is set of regulation in place to control activities in a large organization and government. Bank of Maldives is government organizations this type of organization use large scale organization and having clearly hierarchical structure. In bank of Maldives all the jobs are divided in different duties which the employees have to follow the rules. Different functions of Bank of Maldives are practicing bureaucracy and some functions are practicing the human relations approaches of management.
This system is used because every employee should follow the rules very strictly. Bank account department, Finance department Card center department, Information Technology department, commercial department, Personal Banking departments are practicing the human relations approach of management. These departments employees are directly involve with customers, there is highly demandable department in bank of Maldives. One of the other hands Bank of Maldives practices bureaucracy in a greatest extend . Because each department is separated, they are specialized in particular work in bank.
Empowerment In order encourage the employees Bank of Maldives holdings supervision are given to every employee to make work efficient, but still they are given more power to make their decision over areas their work . Job Enrichment Management of bank of Maldives they give more benefit to the employee to involve in wider range of interesting and challenging task surrounded in company that they can join and complete unit of work. 3. 4. Recommendation Bank of Maldives is a Successful government company . The structure of the company is functional.
The power culture the main part of the organizational function in this company. Because Bank of Maldives is medium bank organization and its has so many branches and employees working for their organization for the reason the company comes up with a difficult time the Board of director can take the decision and manage the problem easily because the organization of bank of Maldives use the bureaucracy approach and the power culture is there. Even though the structure and the culture already exist in the company there are some of the activities in organization which they can improve.
They should extend the branches and target to the foreigners and give more services to the customer’s . To make this happen they can use democratic management style, give more attention to the employees and get the ideas and apply into the organization. The management approaches acted in this organization is making the organization very successful, the management still can use the same management approaches and improve the bureaucratic management by creating an impersonal relationship with every employee. 4. Task 2 4. . Leadership Leadership means getting others to follow or getting other people to do things willingly or decision making . leadership might be based on a function of personality or it can be seen as s behavioral category. There are five function of leadership 1. Transformational style 2. Transaction style 3. Autocratic style 4. Charismatic style 5. Bureaucratic style 6. Democratic style 7. Delegate or free region style 4. 2. Comparison of Leadership style and management approach to Bank of Maldives Plc and Airtel pvt.
The bank of Maldives use Democratic and Bureaucratic leadership style therefore, the leadership style is used within the subordinates. Democratic style is where the focus of power is more within the group therefore, leader talks to the subordinates of the company before he take any decision in the organization and he informed the subordinates about everything that affects their work and share decision making and problem solving responsibility. In bank of Maldives subordinates follow rules rigorously, and make sure that their staff follows procedures correctly.
This is a very appropriate style for work involving serious safety risks or where large sums of money are involved like Bank of Maldives such as they handling cash every day in banks so this management style is needed d in this company. Bureaucratic style is used because it’s a large scale organization as a government organization in this style of leadership he said the Bank of Maldives is divided into different branches and every branch has different department and each department have various task to complete so for that subordinates have to obey the rule and regulation .
Even though he discuss with his subordinates, the final decision is taken by him. However, from the interview it is clear that the whole company is practicing closely to transformation leadership style. But Leadership style of Airtel is Autocratic style and Airtel management approach the leadership style among the employees and the leader. In this leadership style the leader of the organization take the decision autocratic style is used in professional firms .
Airtel use the strict leadership which the management is harsh to the employees and management does not communicate with them much. Airtel uses teamwork style because this style motivates people by leading and knowing their knowledge and most of the time they succeed in their goal by using this managing style. Because of this style Airtel teams or group of employees solve the problems quickly. 4. 3. Comparison of management style Bank of MaldivesAirtel Management style •Division of labour: work divided between the individuals.?? Authority & Responsibility: Authority is giving right to give orders, responsibility is giving a job or task. Both are related.?? •Discipline: organization having common effort of workers.?? •Unity of command: Receiving orders from only one manager.?? •Unity of Direction: organization has one common objective. Going towards this objective is direction.?? •Subordination of individual interests to the general interest. •One person’s interest is not taken as priority of whole organization.?? •Scalar chain of command: Authority from top to bottom.? •Equity: Employees are treated equally x? Bureaucratic Approach •Rationality: Structuring the organization.? x •Division of labor: Works are divided between the individuals.? x •Rules and regulations: Policies of the organization.?? •Impersonal Relationships: employees guided by rules and regulations not by personal likes and dislikes. x? •Authority: Giving rights.? x •Hierarchical Structure: Clearly ranked authority level from top to bottom.? x •Job security: Having a job guarantee.? x Human Relations Approach •Understanding human needs.? 5. Task 3 5. 1. Motivational theories practiced by organizations What is a Motivational theory? Motivation is the force that drives a person to do something. It includes different emotion or promotes goal-directed behavior. This is also concerned with the processes that describe why and how human behavior is activated and directed. 5. 2. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Maslow’s hierarchy of needs confirmed with 5 lower levels those are Physiological needs, Safety, Love, Belonging and respect that are often associated with Physiological needs .
As a physiological need bank of Maldives is providing a good working environment to their employees and they get high wages and salaries and yearly annual bounces and they provide cafeteria and medical allowance for employees . As the security need Bank of Maldives is providing safety working condition for the all employees and job security . As a group needs management are providing a friendly supervision organization that create a friendly relationship between employees. As esteem need managements are giving feedback from the job itself and job title for employees.
As a benefit the management gives award end of the year to the employees and shows how much they appreciate their work. In Airtel concern Maslow theory and they used the theory progress (first basic .the middle men, than higher). Airtel use theory because they found the managing a real life human being does not liner path of need satisfaction . top level in physical needs may occasionally take the forefront of the mind of someone who on paper should be worried about self actualization.
In that case airtel uses the Maslow theory because having employees and the need of human being by addressing few things like engagement, and loyalty. This is needed in a work place like Airtel. Therefore, Airtel uses the Maslow? s theory because in the daily management practice, management can use in a departmental level and even in mentoring and coaching related activities to reinforce employee? s morale, encourages team? s commitment and in improving employee satisfaction using this theory. 5. 3. Costa and McRae’s type theory
Bank of Maldives has use social character type theory because in a bank they need an expert, helper defender, innovator, self developer and why they use this theory type is because the work have to be approach as a expert to the employee the management provide high quality work to employees and to exercise the employee skill and competence and in the employee environment need them to use helper type because they need caring for people and relatedness ,sociability surround the work place and they approach the customer work as a helper and give what customer needs . hey use the defender to dignity ,power ,self-esteem ,protection to approach those employee who does not obey the law ,who haven’t or who undermine the value . They use innovator because the organization have competition ,glory ,crating and experimenting too they approach the work as an innovators who knows how o play the role in a organization and make the organization more successful by using this technique . need of self developer is important because the organization approach the work that they do is fulfilling they need and the organization need to develop further that’s why they use social character type theory. . 4. Herzberg two Factor Theory for Bank of Maldives Plc and Airtel Pvt. Herzberg theory include two factor theory those are hygiene factor and motivator factor . In both organization uses hygiene factor because it includes company policy and administration, salaries, finance, Quality of supervision ,inter-personal relation ,working condition within the organization and the job security for both organization these factors are used and to motivate the employee . in other hand motivator factor is based on individual growth in organization within the employee by creating job satisfaction . his factor effect to the employee and they get motivate and achieve above average performance and effort and it’s a benefit of organization using this theory. 6. Leadership and Motivation and practice management Leadership is a method of group influence in which one person can join and give support to accomplishment a particular task. Therefore motivation is a force that internally drives a person to do something and include different emotion that inhibit or promote goal behavior. This also concerned with the process that describe why and how human behavior is activated and directed.
Leadership and motivation has a close relationship in organization and leadership style defined the management and through management and leadership the motivation will be given to employees . For example: task 2 and 3 both private and public organization have use different leadership and motivation therefore, Airtel use autocratic style and democratic style but the Bank of Maldives use Autocratic and bureaucratic style. In Airtel the management is not efficient and the employees are not motivated.
Bank of Maldives has transformation leadership and democratic, bureaucratic style, as a result the company is successful and all the employees are happy with the work and the environment of work place. Effective leaders are important to organization because they encourages the employees work and they tell them how the task had to been done and they lead them through the ideas and organization which they manage in organization. Leadership helps to give hope to subordinates and how they handle the situation and face the situation calmly and how to treat the customers.
If subordinates of organization obey the rules and regulation of the leader the company will get successful. 7. Conclusion While doing this repot I have learned how an organization consults between two organizations. Completing this report was difficult but however I have tried my best to cover every point given in the assignment brief. I have learnt a lot from doing this assignment, the organizations use different theories to their organizations. How the work is influenced by the management and how organization motivate their employees.
I never thought this broad about organizations, but while doing this report I have known that organizations are very critical. 8. Reference List Airtel India 2011, “Our Vision and Promise” Our Brand airtel [online] available at: http://airtel. in/wps/wcm/connect/about+bharti+airtel/Bharti+Airtel/About+bharti+airtel/Our+Brand+airtel/Our+Vision+and++Promise/ accessed on 20. 8. 2011. Airtel India 2011, “how we work”[online] available at: http://airtel. in/wps/wcm/connect/airtelinaes/AES/Home/How+we+work/ accessed on 20. 8. 2011. Airtel India 2011,” For your business” Home [online] available at: http://airtel. n/wps/wcm/connect/airtelinaes/AES/Home/ accessed on 20. 8. 2011. Airtel India 2011,”About bharti airtel” Home [Online] available at: http://airtel. in/wps/wcm/connect/about+bharti+airtel/Bharti+Airtel/About+bharti+airtel/? WCM_Page. ResetAll=TRUE=NONE=NON/ accessed on 20. 8. 2011. Airtel India 2010,” Global careers at airtel” careers [online] available at: http://www. airtel. in/careers/ accessed on 20. 8. 2011. Airtel India 2011,”Organization structure” Company Profile [online] available at: http://airtel. in/wps/wcm/connect/about+bharti+airtel/Bharti+Airtel/Investor+Relations/Company+Profile/PG_Company_Profile? ountrytabs=2/ accessed on 20. 8. 2011. Bank of Maldives 2010,”Beware of Phishing” Pages [online] available at: http://www. bankofmaldives. com. mv/Pages/default. aspx accessed on 24. 8. 2011. Bank of Maldives 2010,”Company Background” Investor Relations [online] available at: http://www. bankofmaldives. com. mv/InvestorRelations/cb/Pages/default. aspx accessed on 24. 8. 2011. Bank of Maldives 2010,” Account and service “Business and banking [online] available at: http://www. bankofmaldives. com. mv/BBanking/AccountsServices/Pages/default. aspx