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The oxygen can be observed as bubbles comic Eng from the reaction site. Catalane is found in many living tissues of organisms, including chicken liver. T he purpose of this experiment is to determine what changes in pH, temperature, and enzyme co concentration have on the rate catalane works to break down hydrogen peroxide. If the pH, temperature, or e enzyme concentration changes, then the reaction rate of catalane will either speed up or slow down.
Materials and Procedures Materials needed include 1 molar HCI solution, 1 molar Noah solution, 6 test tubes, measuring pipette, 1 Mol graduated cylinder, 40 ml 3% hydrogen peroxide solution, strait tagged razor blade, scissors, forceps, stirring rod, fresh liver, fresh apple, fresh potato, test tube h elders, ice bath, warm water bath, and boiling water bath. Place 2 ml of the 3% hydrogen peroxide solution into a clean test tube. Using f races and scissors, cut a small piece of liver and add it to the test tube.
Push it into the hydrogen peroxide with a stirring rod. Observe the bubbles. Assume this reaction is rated 4 on a scale of 05. This rear action is the control group for the experiment. The 05 scale based on bubbles is the measurement technique e for each experiment. Pour off the liquid into a second test tube. This used liquid is the independent Varian able. Add more liver to this liquid. Record the reaction rate. The reaction rate will be the dependent Varian able in each experiment.
Add another 2 ml of hydrogen peroxide to the liver remaining in the first test tube. Record the reaction rate. B Place 2 ml of hydrogen peroxide in each of 3 clean test tubes and then add EAI chi of the three test substances (potato, apple, chicken) to the tubes. The three substances are the independent variables. As you add each test substance, record the reaction rate for each tube. C Put a piece of liver into the bottom of a clean test tube and cover it with a SMS all amount of water. Place this test tube in a boiling water bath for 5 minutes.
Remove the test tub e from the hot water bath, allow it to air cool, then pour out the water. The fact that the liver was boiled is the independent variable. Add 2 ml Of hydrogen peroxide. Use a destitute holder for hot test tubes. Record the re action rate. Put equal quantities of liver into 2 clean test tubes and 1 ml H2O into 2 other test tube s. Put one test tube of liver and one of H2O into an ice bath. Place the other set in a warm water bath (not b oiling). The temperature of each set of liver and peroxide is the independent variables.
After 3 minutes, pour e ACH tube of H2O into the corresponding tube of liver and observe the reaction. Record the reaction rat Add 2 ml hydrogen peroxide to each of 5 clean test tubes. Add 4 drops of HCI to the first test tube, 1 rope HCI and 3 ml water to second, 4 drops Noah to third, 1 drop Noah and 3 ml water to fourth, and 3 drops water to fifth. The independent variable is pH of the solution added to e ACH test tube. Add liver to each of the test tubes at the same time. Record the reaction rate of each tube.
Results,Data Collection, and Analysis The H2O fully reacted with the catalane in the first experiment because it did not react anymore when more catalane (liver) was added. However, the catalane was still present after the reaction because it converted additional H2O at the same reaction rate. The reaction rates of the three tests are in the following table: Us absence Rate Of Reaction (05) normal hydrogen peroxide and liver 4 reused hydrogen peroxide reused liver The potato, apple, and chicken liver all contained catalane because they cause De a noticeable reaction when hydrogen peroxide was added.
The reaction rates of the three test substances: Substance Rate of Reaction (05) Potato 5 Apple 3 Chicken liver Boiling the liver caused no reaction when added to hydrogen peroxide. The co old liver and peroxide reacted much faster than the warm liver and peroxide. The reaction rates oft he three substances: Substance boiled liver and hydrogen peroxide old liver and hydrogen peroxide warm liver and hydrogen peroxide The reactions in acids were slower than the neutral and weak base reactions, which were slower than the strong base.
The reaction rates of the acidic, neutral, and basic subset encase: HCI solution 2 diluted HCI solution H2O solution diluted Noah solution Noah solution The following graph contains the reaction rates of all the tests performed in t his lab: Conclusion Catalane had various changes in reaction rate when the pH, temperature, or e enzyme concentration were changed, supporting the hypothesis. The enzyme is affected by it’s sours ending environmental conditions. This lab showed that reusing the substrate did not produce a reach Zion. Reusing the catalane produced a reaction equal to the control.
Different tissues showed the present CE Of catalane in differing quantities. Catalane denaturized when boiled and did not induce faster reacts on rates. Catalane worked more efficiently in cold environments than in warm environments. Catalane w irked faster in more basic environments. From the results gathered, the conclusion can be drawn that c tales is a reusable enzyme that works better in basic, cold environments and is denaturized when heated o much. The measuring systems used were not very accurate, especially using physical observations to measure the reaction rates.
A person can be inaccurate and inconsistent in co gnarling reaction rates on a small scale like the one used. The amount of catalane available for the reaction n varied with the size of the liver and how much surface area was available, so the amount of catalane coo old not be regulated in every experiment. A machine or substance can be used to measure the reaction rat e more precisely, possibly by measuring the rate oxygen is released. The liver can be blended and measure in specific quantities or catalane can be extracted to regulate the amount of catalane being used. VI. Treasure Citation Cain, M. Campbell, N. A, Jackson, R. B. , Minority, p. V. , Rice, J. B. , Array, L. A. , and Wassermann, S. A. , 201 0, An Introduction to Metabolism, Campbell Biology, San Francisco, CA: Benjamin Cummings. Questions Part A What gas is being released? Oxygen is being released. Has it gotten warmer or colder? The test tube has gotten warmer. Is the reaction endothermic or exothermic? The reaction is exothermic. What is this liquid composed of? The liquid is composed Of water. What do you think would happen if you added more liver to this liquid? No reaction would occur.
Is catalane reusable? Explain how you know. Catalane is reusable because it isn’t used up in the reaction and reacted when used again. Part B Which tissues contained catalane? All three substances potato, apple, and chicken liver contained catalane. Do some contain more catalane than others? How can you tell? Some contained more catalane than others because the reaction rate was fast term, so more catalane was present. Part C What will boiling do to an enzyme? Boiling an enzymes will denaturized it, or make it unusable by altering its shape Part D What is the optimal pH for catalane (estimate)?
The optimal pH for catalane is approximately 8 because it worked best in a we AK base. Part E Sing the techniques you learned in this lab, design a new experiment to test the properties of enzymes and substrates. Add 2 ml of hydrogen peroxide to a clean test tube. Place this test tube in a b oiling water bath for 5 minutes. Using the test tube holder, remove the test tube from the hot water bath. Add a piece of liver. Record the reaction rate. Data Analysis Describe the relationship between catalane and hydrogen peroxide.