Words: 804
Pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal glands, pancreas, ovaries, testes, pineal gland, thymus gland Cardiovascular system- Blood is transferred throughout the body as well as nutrients, gases, hormones, and wastes. Heart, arteries, veins, capillaries, blood Lymphatic system- transports tissue fluid back to blood stream and carries certain fatty substances away from the digestive organs. Also help remove disease causing microorganisms and viruses from tissue fluid.
Digestive system- Breaks down food into molecules and absorbs it for energy. Materials that can’t be absorbed are returned back to the outside and eliminated Mouth, tongue, teeth, salivary glands, pharynx, esophagi, stomach, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, small intestine, large intestine Respiratory system- Exchanges gases between blood and air. Oxygen passes from air within the lungs into the blood. Carbon dioxide leaves blood and enters the air. Nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs electrolyte balance.
Produces urine and transports it outside the body Kidneys, Reuters, urinary bladder, urethra Reproductive system- Produces new organisms like itself Men: scrotum, testes, epidermis, Vass deferential, seminal vesicles, prostate gland, polyurethane glands, pen’s, and urethra Women: ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, vagina, clitoris, vulva Identify the 10 characteristics of life Movement Responsiveness Growth Reproduction Respiration Digestion Absorption Circulation Assimilation Excretion Identify the 5 requirements of organisms Water Foods Oxygen Heat Pressure Describe the importance of homeostasis and negative feedback loops In order to arrive changes in the external environment, an organism stays in homeostasis or the maintenance of a stable internal environment Negative feedback loops are the signals that regulate homeostasis. If there is a change in the body, the negative feedback loops send signals and cause reactions to return it back to normal.
Know and label on a diagram the organization of life from atom all the way to organism Atoms, molecules, macromolecules, organelles, cell, tissue, organ systems, organism Axial Portion Dorsal Cavity (back) Cranial cavity (head) Brain Vertebral canal (spine) Spinal cord Ventral Cavity (upper body) Thoracic cavity (chest area) Meditations- separates thoracic cavity into two sections, which contains the right and left lungs Pleural cavity (lungs) Lungs Pleural membranes Pericardia cavity (heart) Heart Pericardia membranes Diaphragm- thin muscle that separates thoracic and abdominally cavity Abdominally cavity (abs/pelvis area) Abdominal cavity (abs) Stomach, liver, spleen, gallbladder, kidneys, small and large intestines Peritoneal membranes Pelvic cavity (pelvis) Terminal portion of large intestine, urinary bladder, internal reproductive organs Peritoneal membranes Head Cavities
Oral cavity (mouth) Teeth and tongue Nasal cavity (nose) Nasal septum, sinuses, frontal and spheroid’s sinuses Orbital cavities (eyes) Eyes and associated skeletal muscles and nerves Middle ear cavities (ear) Middle ear bones Directional Terms – be able to define & locate on a diagram the following directional terms: Anatomical position- body is standing erect, face forward, upper limbs at sides head Inferior- a body part is below another body part or is closer to the feet Cephalic/ Cranial- the head Caudal- (perinea) tail bone Anterior- (ventral) towards the front Posterior- (dorsal) towards the backs Ventral- abdominal portion of the body Dorsal- the back Proximal- describes a body part that is closer to a point of attachment or closer to the trunk of the body than another part Distal- opposite of proximal. Body part is further from point of attachment or farther from the trunk than another part.
Medial- relates to an imaginary midlines dividing the body equally in half Superficial- situated near the surface Deep- describes parts that are more internal Prone- lying flat, face downward Supine- lying up, face upward Societal plane- refers to a lengthwise cut that divides the body in to right and left orations Medalist plane- a lengthwise cut that divides the body into equal right and left portions. Straight down the middle Parasitical plane- a lengthwise cut that divides the body into right and left portions with exception of down the middle Transverse plane- refers to a cut that divides the body into superior and inferior portions Frontal/coronal plane- refers to a section that divides the body into anterior and posterior portions Cut vs.. Incision- Cuts are deep while incisions are superficial.
Identify the 3 different ways a cylinder can be cut Cross section- cut in half dividing superior and inferior portions Oblique- cut at an Engle in half dividing superior and inferior portions Longitudinal section- lengthwise cut in half down the middle into right and left portions Be able to label a diagram similar to Figure 1. 13 on page 16 of the textbook Epigenetic region- the upper middle portion Left and right hypochondriac regions- on each side of the epigenetic region Umbilical region- the middle portion Left and right lumbar regions- on each side of the umbilical region Hypocrite region- the lower middle portion Left and right iliac regions- (left and right inguinal regions) on each side of the hypocrite region