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The Czech Republic’s central European landscape Is dominated by the Bohemian Massif, which rises to heights of 3,000 Ft (900 m) above sea level. This ring of mountains encircles a large elevated basin, the Bohemian Plateau. The principal rivers are the Label and the Valetta. Government : Parliamentary Democracy. History: Probably about the 5th century A. D. , Slavic tribes from the Fistula basin settled in the region of Bohemia, Moravia, and Sillies. The Czech founded the kingdom of Bohemia and the Peerlessly dynasty, which ruled Bohemia and Moravia from the 10th to the 16th century.
One of the Bohemian kings, Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor, made Prague an Imperial capital and a center of Latin scholarship. The Hussies movement founded by Jan Hush (1369? -1415) linked the Slavs to the Reformation and revived Czech nationalism, previously under German domination. A Hapsburg, Ferdinand l, ascended the throne in 1526. The Czech rebelled in 1618, precipitating the Thirty Years’ War (1618-1648). Defeated in 1 620, they were ruled for the next 300 years as part of the Austrian empire. Full independence from the Hapsburg was not achieved until the end of World War l, following the collapse of he Austrian-Hungarian Empire.
A union of the Czech lands and Slovakia was proclaimed in Prague on Novo. 14, 1918, and the Czech nation became one of the two component parts of the newly formed Czechoslovakian state. In March 1939, German troops occupied Czechoslovakia, and Czech Bohemia and Moravia became German protectorates for the duration of World War II. The former government returned In April 1945 when the war ended and the country’s pre-1938 boundaries were restored. When elections were held In 1946, Communists became the dominant political party and gained control of the Czechoslovakian government in 1948.
Thereafter, the former democracy was turned into a Soviet-style state. Nearly 42 years of Communist rule ended with the nearly bloodless “velvet revolution” in 1989. Vocal Have, a leading playwright and dissident, was elected president of Czechoslovakia in 1989. Have, imprisoned twice by the Communist regime and his plays banned, became an international symbol for human rights, democracy, and peaceful dissent. The return of democratic political reform saw a strong Slovakia nationalist movement emerge by the end of 1991 , which sought independence for Slovakia.
When the general elections of June 1992 failed to resolve the continuing coexistence of the two republics within the federation, Czech and Slovakia political leaders agreed to separate their states Into two fully Independent nations. On Jan. 1, 1 993, the Czechoslovakian federation was dissolved and two separate Independent countries were established??the Czech Republic and Slovakia. The Czech Republic Prague and 200,000 nationwide to be evacuated Have Leaves Office After 13 Years as President President Vocal Have left office in Feb.. 2003, after 13 years as president.
Over the years, Have lost some of his immense popularity with the Czech, who became disenchanted with his failings as a political leader. But internationally Have has remained a towering figure of moral authority and courage. In March, Vocal Klaus became the Czech Republic’s second president. A conservative economist, he and Have often clashed. In May 2004, the Czech Republic Joined the ELI. After an inconclusive election in June 2006, the political deadlock was broken in August, with rightist Mire Topology appointed prime minister. His government resigned in
October, after losing a no-confidence vote. He formed another government in January 2007. A year later, Topology’s government narrowly survived another no-confidence ‘Tote. On July 8, 2008, after lengthy negotiations and much debate, the Czech Republic agreed to allow the United States to deploy on its land an materialistic massively Leaves Office After 13 Years as President President Vocal Have left office in Feb.. 2003, after 13 years as president. Over the years, Have lost some of his immense popularity with the Czech, who became disenchanted with his failings as a political deader.
But internationally Have has remained a towering figure of moral authority and courage. In March, Vocal Klaus became the Czech Republic’s second president. A conservative economist, he and Have often clashed. In May 2004, the Czech Republic Joined the ELI. After an inconclusive election in June 2006, the political deadlock was broken in August, with rightist Mire Topology appointed prime minister. His government resigned in October, after losing a no-confidence vote. He formed another government in January 2007. A year later, Topology’s government Rowley survived another no-confidence vote.
On July 8, 2008, after lengthy negotiations and much debate, the Czech Republic agreed to allow the United States to deploy on its land an materialistic missile shield. Russia strongly objected to the accord, which views the system as a threat. U. S. Officials said the shield is meant to deter an attack from Iran. Czech lawmakers must approve the deal. While the Czech Republic held a six-month rotating term as President of the ELI, the government collapsed and Prime Minister Mire Topeka resigned after his center-right overspent lost a parliamentary vote of confidence in March 2009.
In May, Jan Fischer, an economist, became the head of a caretaker government, which he ran for more than a year, until elections in May 2010. The left-wing Social Democrats (SCADS) fared best in the general election, but did not take a majority and thus could not form government. The Civic Democratic Party (ODDS), which placed behind SCADS, entered onto a coalition with the right-wing TOP 09 and centrist Public Affairs. In June, ODDS leader Peter Encase became prime minister.
Facing a growing deficit, Encase proposed a 0% pay reduction for public workers and strict spending cuts. The move sparked massive protests. Shield. Russia strongly objected to the accord, which views the system as a threat. U. S. Officials said the shield is meant to deter an attack from Iran. Czech lawmakers must approve the deal. While the Czech Republic held a six-month rotating term as President of the EX., the government collapsed and Prime Minister Mire Topeka resigned after his center-right government lost a parliamentary vote of confidence in March 2009.
In May, Jan Fischer, an economist, became the head of a he left-wing Social Democrats (SCADS) fared best in the general election, but did not take a majority and thus could not form a government. The Civic Democratic Party AIDS), which placed behind SCADS, entered into a coalition with the right-wing TOP 09 and centrist Public Affairs. In June, ODDS leader Peter Encase became prime minister. Facing a growing deficit, Encase proposed a 10% pay reduction for public workers and strict spending cuts. The move sparked massive protests. Former president Vocal Have died in DCE. 2011.
First Popular Vote for President Is Held in 2013 On Jan. 11-12, 2013, the Czech Republic held its first ever direct popular vote for president. Of the nine candidates, no one secured a majority of the vote. Former prime minister Mills Seaman received 24. 2% of the vote, with current Foreign Minister Karee Schwarzenegger a close second with 23. 4%. Voter turnout was over 61%. A runoff between Seaman, from the Party of Citizen’s Rights, and Schwarzenegger, a member of the Traditional Responsibility Party, ended with Seaman victorious with 54. 8% of the vote. President Seaman was sworn in on March 8, 2013.
In June 2013, Peter Encase resigned as the Czech Republic’s prime minister following a scandal involving his chief of staff Jan Nagoya, who was charged with bribery and abuse of office. President Seaman appointed former finance minister Sir Russo’s as the new prime minister. After new prime minister Sir Russo’s lost a confidence vote in parliament 93 to 100 on August 7, 2013, the country faced the dissolution of lower parliament and early elections in October. Former president Vocal Have died in DCE. 2011. First Popular Vote for President Is Held in 2013 early elections in October.