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TABLE OF CONTENTS Cover page……………………………………………………………………….. 1 Table of contents…………………………………………………………………2 Executive Summary……………………………………………………………… 3-4 Project Background………………………………………………………………5 Project Objectives…………………………………………………………5 Statement of Requirements………………………………………………….. 5-7 Flexibility Matrix……………………………………………………………….. 7-8 Risks, Responses, Preventive measures, Contingency Plans and Triggers……………………………………………………………………….. 8-13 Risk factors…………………………………………………………….. -10 Risk matrix……………………………………………………………….. 10 Risk Ranking…………………………………………………………. 10-11 Contingency Plans & Triggers…………………………………………. 11 Planning responses & Preventive measures……………………… 11-13 Monitoring Project Resource, Cost, Time & Scope…………………….. 13-15 Cost……………………………………………………………………….. 13 Resource……………………………………………………………. ……14 Time……………………………………………………………………14-15 Scope………………………………………………………………… ……15 Conclusion……………………………………………………………………. …15 Appendix……………………………………………………………….. ……16-33 Executive Summary
The overseas community service trip to Shanghai has been commissioned by Anglo Chinese School for its students to immense in community activities overbroad. The objective of this project is to organize an overseas community service trip (Shanghai) for 20 – 24 students to connect with the Shanghainese community for 13 days within a $75000 budget. The project would take a grand total of 64 days from the starting from the 28th of June to the 23th of September and cost S$72391. 74. A statement of requirement was crafted out so as to clearly outline the project’s minimum scope and deliverables.
It entails the project title, project manager contact number, date, project requirements such as to provide accommodation, meals & bottled water, a pre-briefing trip to confirm number of students participating, to include community service activities and include educational places of interest. Functional groups participating are also a part of the SOR. It includes an accountant, a company manager, a private investigator, a English teacher and a customer relationship executive. The last section for the SOR is required resources.
Some examples are: Airplanes & Buses Computer for research Phone to contact companies Desk for Sign up Booth Paper for leaflets Printer to print of leaflets Air Tickets Itinerary Hotel Rooms Meals& Bottled water Microsoft Project 2007 was utilized as the framework for the work breakdown schedule (WBS) which decomposed the projects to 176 tasks & 13 major deliverables, plotted out the 20 critical tasks, creating the Gantt Charts and finally assigned human resources such as the team members and external human helpers. Several relevant risks were identified.
They are: food poisoning, major traffic jams, missing students, infectious virus, coach breakdown, theft, absent community guide and delay of flight schedule, home emergency and natural disasters. Responses, preventive measures, contingency plans and triggers have been planned out clearly for every identified risk in the “Risk” section of the report. Finally the team came up several ways to monitor costs, scope, resource and time. For cost, the team can monitor it through invoices, receipts and a financial audit. In the case of time, the team can monitor it through the WBS Start/End date.
The team monitors resources through the WBS resource sheet and monitor the external resources via phone call/email to external companies that owes those resources. Finally, the scope of the project is monitored with the submission of the after-trip report, student’s presentation and the Shanghainess’ student review on the Anglo Chinese students Project Background The Generation Y (Teenage and Young adults) in Singapore are often characterized as “soft”, unable to take hardship and do not have much knowledge on current affairs. They also have a “Me-First” Mentality that leaves much to be desired.
The overseas community service trip to shanghai gives students the opportunity to widen their perspective of their world with trips to educational institutions, and help toughen the students up via hard labor with the refurbishment of the new school. They also have the opportunity to change their “Me-First” to “You-First” Attitude through community service to the school. Project Objectives Organizing an overseas community service trip (Shanghai) for 20 – 24 students to connect with the Shanghainese community for 13 days within a $75000 budget. Statement of Requirements
Project Title: Anglo-Chinese School Community Service Trip to Shanghai, China Project Manager: Joel Ng 123 Ludington Road (Singapore 573452) Phone: (96743661) Email: Joel_nzy@yahoo. com. sg Date: 23 September 2010 to7 October 2010 Requirements: * To source and provide Air Tickets and include all airport taxes & surcharges * Pay for all material cost for the itinerary of the community service * To source and confirm the hotel accommodation in town area * Ensure that most hotel rooms are for twin sharing and 2 single room for a female and male staff. All meals are required to be provided daily (Vegetarian meals are to be * Provided, if any). * 6 bottles of bottled drinking water (500cc) per person per day. * To engage and confirm no. of students participating in the trip * To source for land transportation in the form of air-conditioned coach * To source for all the entrance fees for the educational visits * To find for a guide from Singapore to accompany team for the visit * To give pre-expedition briefings to students * Plan and make all arrangements for the Pre-trip and Post-trip local community service to meet the requirements of a YEP project. Include a community service activities which comprises of hard and soft skill, such as refurbishing school infrastructure (hard) and conducting lessons to the shanghainess students. * Visit educational places of interest- Educational and Financial Institutions Assumptions: * 24 students will be coming * Students will meet at the airport * Sufficient manpower to take care of all students * Teachers are to be contactable at all times for the entire trip * Students should be healthy and of no medical problem Tour guide have been certified by the tourism board of Japan * School has made arrangement and preparations for unlikely events such as flight or coach accidents * No food allergy Constraints: * Budget of $50000 * Maximum of 24 students * Price of hotel accommodation may be very expensive to afford * Bad weather: Typhoon, will affect the delay of flights and the activities that are held outdoors. * Heavy traffic in Shanghai will cause a delay for the trip. * Students might get lost * Unforeseen situations such as: breakdown of public transport will cause a delay for the trip. Hospitalization of students due to unforeseen accidents * Tour guide does not turn up which will cause delay and hinder schedule. Required Resources: * Airplanes & Buses * Computer for research * Phone to contact companies * Money for budget * Desk for Sign up Booth * Paper for leaflets * Printer to print of leaflets * Air Tickets * Itinerary * Provide accommodation in hotel with twin rooms for the students (separate males and female) and single room for 1 male and 1 female staff * All meals, including vegetarian and HALAL Food. * 6 bottles of drinking water (500 cc) for each person Human resources-Team-members/Mangers/Bus-drivers/Pilot/Announcing people, etc Functional Groups Participating: * Teachers (Staff) * Tour guide (Educational institutions) * Community Service Guide * Accountant (Project Member Yuan Shen) * Company Manager (Project Manager Joel) * Public relationship executive (Project Member Marcus) * English Teacher & Market Researcher (Project Member Fizzah) * Private Investigator (Project Member Suhaizat) * Professional Resourcer Flexibility Matrix for the Overseas Community Service trip to China, Shanghai | Least Flexibility| Moderate Flexibility| Most Flexibility| Schedule| v| | |
Resources| | | v| Scope| | v| | The schedule is the least flexible variable because the project requirements clearly states that the duration of the trip is 13 days, from 24 September to 7 October. The trip’s timetable must be adhered to closely to ensure that all activities are carried out. The scope in the project is moderately flexible in the project, owing to the vague guidelines in the project requirements. For example, the guidelines states that there should be a visit to an educational institution in Shanghai, but it didn’t specify a certain institution that must be visited during the trip.
However, there is some specificity in certain guidelines such as the layout of the hotel room. For example: A) Twin sharing, separate rooms for male and female students. B)2 staff -Single room for 1 male and 1 female staff The resources of the project are the most flexible because the project requirements did not specifically state any particular resources which must be used. The project team (Manpower) is also generally very flexible in our working schedule because members can work overtime if there’s a need to. The flexible resources can also be used to accommodate the schedule of the project.
For example, the team can plan out in advance the bus company’s arrival time and easily switch it to another time-slot if the need arises. Risks, Responses, Preventive measures, Contingency Plans and Triggers Risks Risk factor 1 ??? Delay of air flight schedule. As the schedule for the whole trip has been planned, a delay of the air flight will result in the disruption of the entire schedule . Not only will the delay affect the whole trip but the activities are adversely affected. With activities shortened or even removed, the students will not have a holistic learning experience.
This hampers the student’s experience and the project may fail to fulfill its objectives. Risk factor 2 ??? Student/students infected by transmitted viruses China has one of the poor environments in the world owing to the harmful pollution emitted in the city. Only 1 percent of the country’s 560 million city inhabitants (2007) breathe air deemed safe by the European Union. With poor air quality and contagious viruses in the air, a student with a compromised immunity system (from the poor air quality) may contract the virus and may spread it to the entire group.
With the group quarantined, the trip may come to a premature end and thus impact on the project is huge. Risk factor 3 ??? Breakdown of the coach The group is heavily dependent on the coach for transportation purposes. Even though the probability of breakdown is relatively minor, (With prior background checks for certifications and reviews) the consequences of a coach breakdown are colossal as it will affect the schedule and lead to cancellation of activities. It will also be tedious and time-consuming for Yuan Shen to arrange an alternative bus to fetch the group Risk factor 4 ??? Major traffic jams
China is notoriously known for their traffic jams, thus explaining the high probability of occurrence. If the group is caught in a jam, the group might be trapped for hours or even days depending on the severity of the jam, which will result in being late for the group’s destination or even the cancellation of activities. This explains the high impact on the project. Risk factor 5 ??? Theft Theft cases in china are common. This means the probability of occurrence is low to moderate.
If the student’s valuable and passport are stolen, they will be unable to return back to Singapore and will not have any cash on hand for emergency purposes. They might be made to stay in Singapore embassy for at least 1 week or more pending clearance procedures. However the impact is not too large as it is usually happens to one or two students. Risk factor 6 ??? Missing students The trip requires the group to move frequently and there is a chance that student might get lost en-route, especially if the group is in a rush to follow the schedule.
However the group will do a headcount every 30 minutes to minimize the probability of a lost student. Hence the probability of occurrence is low- moderate. The consequences of a missing student are disastrous- The team will concentrate their efforts to find the missing student and abandon the project schedule. The project team will be held accountable to the parents and disciplinary action will follow. Risk factor 7 ??? Absent community service guide The absence of the community service guide is disturbing but tolerable. Even without the help of a community service guide, the group can get around by sking help from the students or approaching the school office for assistance. The probability of the community guide’s absence is also low, as the community guide should be part of the school’s staff and is likely to be in school. Risk factor 8 ??? Home emergency Students might receive calls from their parent or guardian to request the student to come back to Singapore immediately due to emergency situation such as death of family member. The impact is visible because the group have to book 2 air tickets (1 member and the student) and send the student safely back to the Singapore Airport.
However, the whole schedule can carry on even without a student. Risk factor 9 ??? Food poisoning China is notorious for their food poisoning (High probability) as a lot of the road side stores do not practice proper hygiene. Even though the trip will cover the students’ meals, the students may visit those unhygienic hawkers to purchase snacks. The impact on the project is large because a project member needs to take time off to look after the student, thus potentially disrupting the project as the project member may not be able to fulfill other roles in the project.
Risk factor 10 ??? Natural disaster Scientist found that Shanghai land is sinking and the water level is rising. Even though the probability of a disaster is relatively minor, natural disaster like flood can be extremely dangerous and it may even take the lives of the students, teachers and project members. (Very High Impact) Natural disaster may force the group to cancel activities or take an alternative route which is time and resource consuming. Risk Events : 9 Impact of risk on project Risk Events: 2, 4, 5 Risk matrix Risk Events: 9
Probability of occurrence Risk Events: 1, 3,6,10 Risk Event: 7, 8 Risk Ranking Risk Factors| Probability of Occurrence (1-Least likely to 5-Most likely)| Impact on Project (1-Least impact to 5- Most impact)| Total Score| Rank| Risk event 1 ??? delay of air flight schedule| 2| 4| 8| 4| Risk event 2 ??? student/students infected by transmitted viruses Risk event 3 ??? breakdown of the coach| 42| 54| 208| 14| Risk event 4 ??? traffic jams| 3| 4| 12| 2| Risk event 5 ??? theft| 2| 3| 6| 5| Risk event 6 ??? Missing students| 2| 4| 8| 4|
Risk event 7 ??? absent community service guide| 2| 1| 2| 6| Risk event 8 ??? emergency| 1| 2| 2| 6| Risk event 9 ??? food poisoning| 4| 2| 8| 4| Risk event 10 ??? natural disaster| 2| 5| 10| 3| Contingency Plans and Triggers Identified Risk| Contingency Actions| Triggers| Delay of air flight schedule| Either to wait or to schedule another flight which will reach shanghai the best earliest possible time | When the air flight schedule was announced to be cancelled or delay | Student/students infected by transmitted viruses| Quarantine the student in a hospital and contact MOH and the parents about it.
If necessary, quarantine the whole group and seek for constant medical treatment till everyone is healed | When a student start to show flu-like symptoms such as coughing, has a high fever or excessive sneezing | Breakdown of the coach| Ensure the coach company have a replacement coach and bus driver has adequate knowledge and resources to fix the problem (E. g Flat tyre)| When the bus starts to exhibits signs of breaking down| Traffic jams| Take an alternative road to the destination. But if there is only one way and it happens to be jammed, we will either cancel the event or be late for it | When there are ots of vehicle on the road and we are moving at a very slow pace | Theft | We will bring spare cash to lend our students just in case their money is stolen. In the event of a lost passport , one teacher will assigned to accompany the student in shanghai till he is able to pass the immigration and come back to Singapore | When the theft incident occur and the student is unable to find their wallet/passport | Missing students | Every teacher will take charge of a number of students. When one student goes missing, efforts will be made to contact them and a search group shall be activated.
If the missing student is unable to be found , we will report to the police and inform the parents | If there are missing students in headcount. | Absent community service guide | Call the community service personnel and ask for a replacement | When the guide is absent and uncontactable | Emergency| A teacher will do the necessary arrangement for the students and book the air flight and transportation for him | The parents contact the teacher and request for the student to return back to Singapore immediately | Food poisoning| We will immediately send the student to the nearest hospital for treatment. When the student is suffering from signs of food poisoning (Diarrhoea, stomach pain) | Natural disaster| Return and stay in hotel or find the nearest bomb shelter | When the repercussions of the disaster is felt/ Through local television. | Planning Responses and Preventive Actions Identified Risk| Response| Preventive Actions| Delay of air flight schedule| Accept the risk- Wait for the next flight anyway. Transfer the risk- If the wait is too long, (overnight) the airline company has to compensate us because that cost is covered in the ticket. No Preventive actions | Student/students infected by transmitted viruses| Mitigate the Risk- Lower the probability of student catching virus with proper personal hygiene| Encourage students to have good hygiene standards. Teach the students how to wash their hands properly and provide masks/hand sanitizers’ | Breakdown of the coach| Mitigate the Risk- Through ensuring another bus is on standby and driver has adequate knowledge and resource to solve common bus breakdown issues, the risk impact is lowered (Another bus) and lower probability of it happening (Check for spare tyre) | Call the company to ensure another bus is on standby.
Ask the driver if he knows how to patch up a punctured tyreCheck for a spare tyre in bus| Traffic jams| Avoid the risk- Take another route instead. Accept the risk- Accept it when there are no other alternatives to the destination | Plan out the route in advance. Question bus company which routes are usually congested and request for alternate routes if possible. | Theft | Accept the risk- One can’t do anything about the high number of pickpockets in shanghai. Alert students to the high numbers of pickpocket and remind them constantly to watch over their belongings | Missing students | Mitigate the risk- Avoid crowded places so has a lower probability of happeningTransfer the risk- Risk is carried to insurance company| Do a headcount regularly. | Absent community service guide | Accept the risk- Rural area makes guide hard to contact. Project Manager will guide the group along instead. | Contact the community service guide before the trip to the school has begun. Emergency| Transfer the risk- Responsibility now lies on the parents when the student arrives safely in Singapore | No Preventive measures| Food poisoning| Mitigate the Risk- Ensure that company has safety records/certification. Transfer the risk- Insurance company bears the risk. | Ensure company has a safety record and hygiene certification. Do not eat the food when it smells/taste stale. Advise student not to buy from roadside hawkers. | Natural disaster| Accept the risk- There is no other way to avoid a disaster when it happens to the group.
Avoid the risk- Head for shelter if possible and stay lowTransfer the risk- transfer to insurance companyMitigate the risk- Pray to God. (Less likely to happen/less impact when one prays sincerely for their safety) | No preventive measures. | Monitoring Cost, Resources, Time and Scope of the project Cost Information needs: | Expense VS projected budget, , Contractual documents, WBS cost| Data collection method: | Collection of receipts and invoices| Frequency: | As an when payment and down payment in is made|
There will be a limited budget in which one can spend on for the entire project, while at the same time, ensuring that the quality and requirements are met. Our team drafted a budget plan which ensured that the costs are realistic and no unnecessary costs are incurred. The total cost depends on the resources required such as the tickets to Shanghai, cost of meals, all material cost (Construction materials) for the itinerary of the community service, hotel accommodation, insurance and such. Our team will monitor the cost via contractual documents, (The amount agreed to be paid) invoices and receipts.
The WBS is also an excellent tool in monitoring costs owing to its well defined tasks (work packages) One can simple refer to the cost column to monitor the total cost of the task. The last way we intend to monitor cost is to conduct a financial audit after the project is over to ensure that the budget is appropriately used. Resources Information needs: | Contractual Documents, Group meetings, WBS resource sheet, Phone calls/Email to Companies| Data collection method: | Stock take, Group meetings, Phone calls/Email to Companies, observation (See the bus/airplane, etc)| Frequency: | Every 3 days (Before trip) & Daily (During trip) |
The resources used in the project includes (but is not limited to) the group members manpower, the buses/airplanes for transportation, the construction materials for the refurbishment of the school, the paper for the printing of the leaflets, the desk for the sign-up booth, the catered food and the bottled water. It is important to ensure that the resources are allocated properly. The team monitors their manpower by conducting a meeting every 3 days to verify their progress on the project.
The transportation companies are monitored with phone calls and emails to confirm that the resources (Bus, Airplane) are operational and ready to transport the team around. Similarly the team monitors the catering company with phone calls and emails. The team also monitors the resources through observation. One such example is when a bus is supposed to pick the team out the bus is missing. The team-member in charge of transportation (Yuan Shen) would then have to contact the company to arrange for an alternate driver for transportation.
Finally the team can monitor the resources through the WBS resource sheet. The members then assign themselves to specific tasks in the WBS and can even spot members with over-allocated task and reassign the job to somebody else, increase their workload or perform resource leveling. Time Information needs: | flow of schedule on the actual trip Vs Schedule as per itinerary, WBS start/end date , WBS critical path(Network diagram)| Data collection method: | Meetings, Observations| Frequency: | Every 3 days (Before trip), Daily (During trip)|
Time is essential as it will determine the scope, cost and resources of the project. The time of the project is defined as the total duration needed to complete the project. The team monitors time through conducting meetings to plan out key deadlines for certain tasks. This allows the team to correct any problem encountered during the planning phase quickly and thus minimizing time-wastage. The critical tasks will be closely monitored by the project manager Joel, who will be in charge of the critical tasks or be assisting the team members in completing the critical tasks.
The flow of activities during the actual trip will be monitored daily through On-site observations (Is the team sticking to the actual schedule) so as to ensure that the there will be enough time for other activities and also to ensure the students have adequate rest time. Scope | | Information needs: | Students experience VS intended trip objective| Data collection method: | Student’s Presentation, After-trip report, Observation | Frequency: | One time only- End of trip/refurbishment| The size of scope encompasses the learning experience of the students and the newly refurbished school in Shanghai.
The team intends to monitor the scope of the project through visual inspections of the refurbished school, making the student present their learning experience to the school and writing an after-trip report. By making the students present to the school, we can compare their experiences to the project objective and determine if the team has fulfilled the project objectives. The after-trip report encompasses the Shanghainese students’ reviews on the Anglo Chinese students and also our team can determine if the Anglo Chinese students have developed a bond with the Shanghainese students. This will then be compared to the project objectives.
Conclusion The project has taken a total of ~64 days starting from the 28th of June to the 23th of September to complete. The team had also clearly defined its budget plan and in the cost breakdown schedule. The monumental facets of the project were also finely decomposed into 176 tasks which can be clearly seen in the work breakdown schedule. With the WBS refined and the critical tasks mapped, human resources can be assigned to the 174 tasks and 20 critical tasks. 10 major risks were identified in the project and responses, contingency planning and appropriate triggers were planned for each and every response.
Finally, the team has outlined how it intends to monitor the cost, resources scope and time of the project. The project team concludes that with proper planning in place, the trip will be smooth sailing. If any problems do occur, the team is empowered to tackle it in an effective and efficient manner. *Please note that the critical path file is found together with the Microsoft project WBS file in the CD APPENDIX Gen Y people is soft- “Me myself mentality” (Page 5, Project Background) http://www. asiaone. com/News/Education/Story/A1Story20100426-212570. html China poor air quality. Page 8, Risk Event # 2) http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Environment_of_China Prevalence of China virus. (Page 8, Risk event #2) http://www. who. int/csr/disease/influenza/2010_09_24_GIP_surveillance/en/ China Massive traffic jam. (Page 8, Risk event #4) http://www. dailymail. co. uk/news/worldnews/article-1306058/China-traffic-jam-enters-11th-day-officials-admit-weeks. html China Theft cases. (Page 9, Risk event # 5) http://www. publiku. com/blog. php? user=airmaxsb200¬e=180439 China Food Poisoning. (Page 9, Risk event # 9) http://www. breitbart. com/article. php? id=060919065258. tzm4eom&show_article=1 China Natural Disasters. (Page 10, Risk Event #10) http://www. dw-world. de/dw/article/0,,5493516,00. html Critical Path BUDGET PLAN | Description:| Company:| Cost:| 1| Airline Tickets| China Eastern Airline| $31434| 2| Air-conditioned Coach| Grand China Travel| $4940| 3| Hotel Accommodation| Super 8 Shanghai Feng Ye Bei Wai Tian| $6916| 4| Insurance| NTUC Insurance| $1643| 5| Miscellaneous Expense| Popular| $325| 6| WBS Human Resources| Project team members & professional resourcer| $14618. 33| 7| Construction material| White Cap| $4733. 41| 8| Catering Services| EZC| $4000| | Bottled Drinks| Ice Mountain| $2418| 10| Places of interest:| | | a| Educational Institution| Shanghai Jia Tong University| Free Of Charge| b| Other place of interest| Shanghai Expo| $992| c| Financial Institution| Shanghai World Financial Centre| $372| | TOTAL| | $72391. 74| Total cost per person: $72391. 74/31 = $2335. 22 $75000> $72391. 74, Hence project expenditure cost is within budget of $75000 China Eastern Airlines: http://www. zuji. com. sg/site/travel_deals/flights/top_flight. html? DPAAP=SHANGHAI&bbcam=Google&bbkid=singapore%20to%20shanghai%20air%20ticket
Air-conditioned coach: http://www. grandchinatravel. com/chinacarrental/Shanghai. htm Hotel Accommodation: http://www. hotels. com/ho251988/super-8-shanghai-jia-he-shanghai-china/ Insurance: http://www. income. com. sg/insurance/Travel/premium. asp Construction supplies: http://www. whitecap. com/ Food catering: http://www. ezb. com. sg/ Bottled Drinks: http://goods. gmarket. com. sg/gmkt. inc/Goods/Goods. aspx? goodscode=300805207 Shanghai World Financial Center http://factsanddetails. com/china. php? itemid=416&catid=3 Tasks and Roles of Members Joel Ng Existing Job: Manager of Company
Role and Tasks: 1) Determine schedule, resource plans and budget (Intiate WBS, Gantt Charts) 2) In charge of critical tasks (E. g Itinerary planning, Catered Meals& Pre-trip briefing) 3) Disseminate information from principal to members 4) Intervenes when project is off track 5) Decides Project Objectives 6) Organize project meetings 7) Be the main guide for the trip 8) Responsible for headcount for students 9) Motivate team members 10) Write after-trip report Marcus Yip Existing Job: Public Relation Executive Role and Tasks: 1) Person to turn to when leader is unavailable ) In Charge of Marketing Selection tasks and Student briefing 3) Creates Risk matrix/ Contingency Plans 4) In Charge of student’s welfare in trip (Motivation, Handle complains) Yuan Shen Existing Job: Accountant Role and Tasks: 1) Monitor resources, cost, scope and time 2) In charge of settling insurance, transportation and accommodation. 3) During the trip he will be in charge of contacting transport, accommodation and insurance should anything go wrong. 4) After the trip he is to make the payments and conduct a financial audit. Fizzah Existing Job: English teacher and Market Researcher Role and Tasks: ) Research for educational places of interests, school to be refurbished and prepare lessons for shanghai students 2) Reviews all the work before passing on to Manager 3) Drafts SOR and does background research 4) During the trip she will be teaching the young students Suhaizat Existing Job: Private investigator Role and Tasks: 1) During the trip his task is to record specific challenges and solutions. 2) During the trip he has to observe the student’s behavior and record it in the after-trip report. (E. g Did the student genuinely enjoy the trip? If no, what are the possible reasons behind it? 3) In charge of aiding the student’s after-trip presentation ——————————————– [ 2 ]. Please refer to APPENDIX PAGE 16 for more information [ 3 ]. Please refer to APPENDIX PAGE 17 for more information [ 4 ]. Please refer to APPENDIX PAGE 18 for more information [ 5 ]. Please refer to APPENDIX PAGE 19 for more information [ 6 ]. Please refer to APPENDIX PAGE 20 for more information [ 7 ]. Please refer to APPENDIX PAGE 21 for more information [ 8 ]. Please refer to APPENDIX PAGE 22 for more information [ 9 ]. Please refer to APPENDIX PAGE for more information