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The Chief Justice and the Judges of Appeal sit in the Court of Appeal. Let is usually made up of three Judges. The decisions of this Court are binding are on all other courts and the decisions made by this court cannot be challenged. The High Court comprises of the Chief Justice and the Judges of the High Court. All the proceedings in the High Court are carried out in front of a single judge. The High Court hears criminal as well as civil cases and also the cases from the subordinate courts. The High Court has supervision over all the Subordinate Courts in al criminal and civil matters.
The High Court deals with cases where the claims exceed 250000 SAG. Let has the Jurisdiction regarding all the cases in Singapore and some even outside Singapore. The High Court hears criminal cases where the punishment maybe death penalty or more than 10 years of imprisonment. The Subordinate Courts consist of the District Court, Magistrates’ Court, Juvenile Court, Coroners’ Court, Small Claims Tribunal, Family Court, Night Court, Community Court, Traffic Court and Assyria Court. The senior District Judge is responsible for all the activities of the Subordinate Courts.
The District Court deals with civil cases involving claims of more than 60,000 SAG but not exceeding 250,000 SAG. The maximum imprisonment dealt with by this court is 10 years. The Magistrate’s Court deals with cases involving claims less than 60,000 SAG. It also sentences offenders for Upton 3 years in prison. Also can give out a punishment to an offender of six shots of cane. The Juvenile Court hears cases involving children between the age of 14 to 16 years. The Coroners’ Court holds inquiries into any deaths which have occurred unnaturally,by violence or in unknown circumstances.
Suspected suicides,deaths in prison are some of the common examples. The Small Claims Tribunal deals with cases involving claims between consumes and suppliers,contracts that arise from the sales of goods and services and lease of residential premises not exceeding 2 years. The Tribunal has the jurisdiction to deal with cases involving claims not exceeding 10,000 SAG. The proceedings are conducted by Referees appointed by the President. The Family Court deals with cases involving adoption,division of matrimonial property,spousal and child maintenance,family violence,etc.
Two Night Courts operate from Monday to Friday eels with notices issued by the departments such as Housing and Development Board, Urban Redevelopment Authority, etc. The second court deals with cases of traffic offences. The Community Court deals with BUSINESS LAW ASSIGNMENT cases involving youthful offenders which are of the ages 16 to 18 years, offenders with mental disabilities, neighborhood disputes, attempted suicide cases, family violence cases, abuse and cruelty to animals, etc. The Assyria Court deals and resolves marriage and divorce disputes between Muslims or people married under the Muslim Law.
The Traffic Court hears and tries traffic offenders brought by the raffia police. Stare Decides means the Doctrine of Binding Precedents. Let is a legal principle by which the Judges of the lower courts are obliged to follow the decisions of the Judges of the higher courts. Sometimes they are obliged to follow their own previous decisions to maintain consistency. Len a legal context this is understood to mean that courts should generally abide by precedents and not disturb settled matters. The principle of Stare decides is divided into two components. Nee is that a decision made by a superior court is binding precedent which cannot be changed by an inferior court. The second is that a court should not change its own precedents unless there is a strong reason to do so. The lower courts in some cases can change the decision of the higher courts. These circumstances include when the lower courts can materially distinguish the facts of the case before the lower court from those in the prior high court’s decision. Also if the higher court’s decision was made without abiding by the doctrine of stare decides.
And a company is a entitled registered business which under the companies act. Company has own legal personality. Company can sue or be sued and it has rights to own properties. When we decided to set up the business either a partnership or a company, both of it has some law or business legal that we must follow under Singapore law. Down here, all the requirements for the partnership and company have done to make all the things clear and easier for us to decide which one is more suitable to open the business. If we decide to run a business as a partnership, we will have to : 1 . At least we have 2 people maximum 20 people 2.
We must filed an application for approval and reservation of partnership name and we required to register online via Fizzle with CRA. 3. If none of the partners is Singapore, then we must appoint a local manager ( above 18 years old ) include: A Singapore citizen or Permanent Resident Have Employment pass holder and approval in principal Dependent Pass holder 4. Make sure all invoices and correspondence bear under the partnership name. 5. Keep accounts and other records for 5 years so it will be easier to check the transactions and financial positions. 6. Make a file of annual income tax return to show all the partnership income. . Renew it annually in CRA. 8. Any particulars change make sure we notify to CRA such as change of name or partners/ manager. However, if we decided to make a Limited Liability Company, then we will have to: 1 . Company name must be approved before corporate with the Singapore company can occur. 2. Minimum 1 and maximum 50 shareholders. 3. The director must be Singapore ( local people) or Permanent Resident and above 18 years old. 4. The company first must be incorporated. To be incorporated we must submit an application online via Fizzle upon the approval of its name. ( It’s the same with all types of business). 5.
Every company in Singapore must hire a secretary within months of its incorporation and he or she must be lived in Singapore ( Singapore citizen) . 6. Minimum payment for share capital to Register a Singapore company is S$l and it can be increase anytime after the incorporation. 7. We must provide Singapore address to registered as the company address and it must be physically like residential or commercial address. 8. Certificate of incorporation – Check the email of notification confirmed by The Company Registrar. Registration number and treated as the official certificate of incorporation in Singapore are included on the email.
If we want or need the hard copy we can ask via online and we can collect it the next day in the office of Registrar. The fee is S$50. There are some advantages and disadvantages in partnership. Table below shown us those advantages and disadvantages of partnership that commonly happen when we set the business.